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Article Abstract
The Mach Zehnder interferometer is an effective device for characterizing coherence of light. By the interference signals of the four channels for the Mach Zehnder interferometer, the interference contrast of Rayleigh Brillouin (RB) backscattering from atmospheric molecules to the laser beam is obtained. This interference contrast is related to the width of the RB backscattering spectrum, which is proportional to the average speed of irregular thermal motion of molecules. This average velocity is directly related to the temperature of the atmosphere at the backscattering point. The interference contrast of RB backscatter at different altitudes can vertically profile temperature. Using a Mach Zehnder interferometer with significant optical path difference, the ultraviolet spaceborne lidar can approach accuracy (random 1 K), vertical resolution (500 m), and horizontal resolution (50 km) of temperature in the troposphere.
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