Probiotics and Diet Modifications: A Holistic Approach to Tackling Helicobacter pylori with the Help of the Gut Microbiota.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common gastrointestinal pathogen that can persist for decades and lead to diseases like gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Conventional antibiotic treatments have limitations like resistance and side effects, requiring alternative therapies. The gut microbiota may influence H. pylori colonization and eradication success. Strategies like probiotics, prebiotics, diet, and lifestyle changes may modulate the gut microbiota composition and function to inhibit H. pylori growth. Specific probiotic strains produce antimicrobial compounds, modulate immune responses, and alter gut microbiota in ways that can promote H. pylori eradication. Diets high in fiber, polyphenols, omega-3s, and fermented foods appear to inhibit H. pylori by supporting growth of beneficial bacteria. Lifestyle factors like stress, smoking, and alcohol negatively impact the gut microbiota. Personalized therapies based on the gut microbiome could optimize eradication rates.

Conclusion: The gut microbiota represents a promising target for enhancing H. pylori eradication. Further research on microbiota-modulating therapies like probiotics, diet, and lifestyle changes may help develop more effective, personalized treatment approaches.