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A portable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous voltammetric determination of acetylcholine (Ach), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) using magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes-decorated ferroferric oxide-Pt@Au nanoparticles (FM-Pt@AuNPs) composite nanozyme was developed. The application of the nanozyme perfectly solved the problem of the weak electroactivity of Ach and the overlapping electrochemical signal of 5-HT and DA. Benefiting from superior horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-like activity and huge specific surface area of the FM-Pt@AuNPs, the proposed sensor enabled to quantify ACh, 5-HT, and DA at the potential of + 0.9, + 0.35, and + 0.14 V, with detection limits of 2 nM, 15 nM, and 10 nM, respectively. The assay provides good analytical performances and clinical practicability in human serums samples. This is the first detection of Ach, 5-HT, and DA using voltammetry, and it is also a new attempt of nanozyme in the field of portable electrochemical sensors. The strategy could be used for detecting other small biomolecules, and provide a simple and potential way for early-stage diagnosis and management of neurological diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00604-025-07435-z | DOI Listing |
Biosens Bioelectron
September 2025
Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA; EnLiSense LLC, Allen, TX, 75013, USA. Electronic address:
Rapid detection of live Salmonella typhimurium in food is critical for preventing contamination and protecting public health. Traditional methods, though reliable, are slow, costly, and require centralized labs. Many existing biosensors primarily detect dead bacteria, increasing false-positive risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
November 2025
Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India; Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, India. Electronic address:
Background: Water contamination is a global challenge, primarily due to heavy metal ions like lead (Pb), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), andmercury (Hg) as well as dyes. These pollutants enter the ecosystem from industrial waste and runoff, accumulate in the environment and pose a high risk to humans, animals and plants. Various sensors, such as colorimetric sensors, and electrochemical sensors have been developed to detect these ions and dyes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Anal Chem
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India.
The miniaturization of separation platforms marks a transformative shift in analytical science, merging microfabrication, automation, and intelligent data integration to meet rising demands for portability, sustainability, and precision. This review critically synthesizes recent technological advances reshaping the field-from microinjection and preconcentration modules to compact, high-sensitivity detection systems including ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis), fluorescence (FL), electrochemical detection (ECD), and mass spectrometry (MS). The integration of microcontrollers, AI-enhanced calibration routines, and IoT-enabled feedback loops has led to the rise of self-regulating analytical devices capable of real-time decision-making and autonomous operation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fluoresc
September 2025
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
The pervasive concern regarding veterinary drug residues in food necessitates advanced detection solutions, particularly addressing limitations of conventional methods reliant on large-scale instrumentation that incur prolonged analysis duration, complex sample preparation, and lack of real-time on-site capability. A portable "single response-on" molecularly imprinted ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor was developed for quantifying fleroxacin (FLX) residues in animal-derived foods, wherein B, N-co-doped MXene quantum dot (B, N-MQD) was synthesized and combined with BCP-Eu as dual-emission fluorophores, while FLX- molecularly imprinted polymer (FLX-MIP) was engineered using functionalized Nano-SiO as the carrier. Concentration-dependent fluorescence enhancement at 574 nm was exhibited with invariant reference signal at 411 nm, achieving a 36-fold lower detection limit (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetal nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as vital components in nanotechnology due to their unique ability to concentrate light at the nanoscale. This property makes them especially valuable in biosensing applications, where high sensitivity is essential. At the same time, cellulose-based materials like paper offer an affordable, widely available, and versatile platform, making them ideal for the development of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs).
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