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Article Abstract
A hydroquinone (HQ)/1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid (Tiron) binary catholyte system is developed for membraneless zinc hybrid flow batteries, leveraging sequential redox reactions with complementary potentials to enhance energy density and electrochemical kinetics. The HQ-Tiron system achieves an energy density of 21.4 W h L and a peak power density of 102.3 mW cm.
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Synergistic binary catholyte design for enhanced electrochemical performance in membraneless hybrid flow batteries.
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