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Article Abstract
Objective: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) is a prevalent malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Interleukin 2 receptor beta (IL2RB) has been implicated in various cancers; however, its role in ESCC remains unclear.
Methods: We analyzed IL2RB expression in clinical samples and cell lines. The impact of IL2RB on tumor progression was assessed using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, along with in vivo tumor models. In addition, we explored the effect of IL2RB on the immune microenvironment and its potential to modulate the JAK1/STAT5 pathway.
Results: IL2RB was found to be significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues compared to normal tissues. Functional studies revealed that IL2RB knockdown inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). IL2RB was shown to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment by inducing CD8+T cell depletion. Mechanistic investigations indicated that IL2RB activates the JAK1/STAT5 pathway, thereby promoting ESCC progression.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that IL2RB plays a critical role in ESCC progression and immune evasion, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical application of IL2RB targeting in ESCC treatment.
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