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The increasing demand for high-performance energy storage devices has stimulated interest in advanced electrolyte materials. Among them, ionic liquids (ILs) stand out for their thermal stability, wide electrochemical windows, and good ionic conductivity. When doped into polymeric matrices, these ionic liquids form hybrid polymeric electrolytes that synergize the benefits of both liquid and solid electrolytes. This study explores a polymeric electrolyte based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) doped with tributylmethylphosphonium iodide (TMPI) and ammonium iodide (NH4I), focusing on its synthesis, structural and electrical properties, and performance in energy storage devices such as dye-sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors. Strategies to improve its ionic conductivity, mechanical and chemical stability, and electrode compatibility are also discussed, along with future directions in this field.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym17141986 | DOI Listing |
Small Methods
September 2025
Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices, College of Physics, Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
As a new generation of high-energy-density energy storage system, solid-state aluminum-ion batteries have attracted much attention. Nowadays polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes have been initially applied to Lithium-ion batteries due to their flexible processing and good interfacial compatibility, their application in aluminum-ion batteries still faces problems. To overcome the limitations in aluminum-ion batteries-specifically, strong Al coordination suppressing ion dissociation, high room-temperature crystallinity, and inadequate mechanical strength-this study develops a blended polymer electrolyte (BPE) of polypropylene carbonate (PPC) and PEO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
September 2025
Polymer Electrolytes and Materials Group (PEMG), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342030, India.
Understanding ion transport mechanisms in sodium ion-based polymer electrolytes is critical, considering the emergence of sodium ion electrolyte technologies as sustainable alternatives to lithium-based systems. In this paper, we employ all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the salt concentration () effects on ionic conductivity () mechanisms in sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF) in polyethylene oxide (PEO) electrolytes. Sodium ions exhibit ion solvation shell characteristics comparable to those of lithium-based polymer electrolytes, with similar anion coordination but more populated oxygen coordination in the polymer matrix.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Seiyun University, Hadhramout, Yemen. Electronic address:
In the present study, polymer composite samples were fabricated using the casting technique by incorporating varying weight percentages (0.0, 0.1, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromol Biosci
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has highlighted the critical need for safe and effective vaccines. In this study, subunit nanovaccine formulations were developed using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles composed of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL). Two surfactants, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium cholate (SC), were evaluated during formulation via a modified water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion-solvent evaporation method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomacromolecules
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a formidable clinical challenge due to its aggressive behavior, lack of therapeutic targets, and poor prognosis. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is highly activated in TNBC, making it a promising therapeutic target. Conventional PEGylated nanocarriers often face challenges, such as accelerated blood clearance and lysosomal trapping.
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