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In recent years, with the development of science and technology and the transformation of economic structures, rubidium and cesium have gradually become indispensable rare metal resources as important materials for high-tech industries. However, the relationship between supply and demand of resources is unbalanced, industrial demand is much higher than production, and the rubidium and cesium resources in hard rock minerals such as traditional pegmatite minerals are no longer enough to support global scientific and technological upgrading. There is therefore an urgent need to expand sources of resource extraction and recovery to meet market demand. This paper summarizes the current feasible technologies for extracting rubidium and cesium from pegmatite minerals, silicate minerals, salt lake brines and other potential resources.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300911 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma18143378 | DOI Listing |
ACS Omega
August 2025
University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center, 15 North 23rd Street, Stop 9018, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9018, United States.
Produced water (PW) generated from wells during crude oil production contains various inorganic chemicals some of which are considered critical minerals (CM). Through fluid characterization studies of 33 produced water samples in the Bakken Petroleum System of North Dakota, the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) has quantified several CM, including barium, lithium, zinc, magnesium, manganese, and rubidium, at more than 95% frequency with cesium in 9% of the samples. The aim of this study was to test various carbon materials to ascertain their ability to remove these CM from the PW.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Xining Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, Geological Survey, Xining, 810021, People's Republic of China.
This study presents a rapid and highly sensitive method for the determination of trace rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs) in high-salinity brines using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) equipped with an all-matrix sampling (AMS) device. The AMS system achieves online gas dilution by vertically introducing argon gas into the brine sample flow, effectively reducing the severe matrix suppression effect caused by 35 g·L salinity to an intermediate level. Experimental results demonstrated that the signal suppression induced by coexisting cations (K, Na, Ca, Mg) in actual brine samples was minimal (< 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
August 2025
Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States.
The presented family of one-dimensional (1D) polyanionic borophosphates is discussed in the context of a growing class of intermediate temperature electrolytes. The borophosphates are noteworthy for exhibiting high thermal stability under a highly reducing H atmosphere. Here, we report the electrolyte characteristics observed in rubidium borophosphate (RbH[BOB-(PO)]) and cesium borophosphate (CsH[BOB-(PO)]) (a new compound) as newly identified members of the proton-conducting 1D borophosphate polyelectrolyte family.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Chem
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, 37150, Turkey.
Unlabelled: In this investigation, alkali metals including lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs) have been served as hybrid materials for batteries cells. A vast study on H-capture by “LiRb (GeSiO), LiCs(GeSiO), NaRb(GeSiO), NaCs(GeSiO), KRb(GeSiO), KCs(GeSiO)” was probed using computational approaches due to density state analysis of charge density differences, total density of states, projected density of states, overlap projected density of states, and localized orbital locator for hydrogenated hybrid clusters of “LiRb(GeSiO)–2H, LiCs(GeSiO)–2H, NaRb(GeSiO)–2H, NaCs(GeSiO)–2H, KRb(GeSiO)–2H, KCs(GeSiO)–2H”. As the benefits of “lithium, sodium or potassium” over “Ge/Si” possess its higher electron and “hole motion”, permitting “Li, Na, K” devices to operate at higher frequencies than “Ge/Si” devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
August 2025
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3544/1, 40096 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.
Alkali halides find application not only under standard thermodynamic conditions but also at elevated temperatures, for example, in molten salt reactors or heat transfer and storage in solar applications. This study presents the temperature dependence of the thermochemical properties of their salts at normal pressure and temperatures ranging from 298.15 K up to the boiling points of the salts.
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