Evaluation of Pupal Parasitoids and as Potential Biological Control Agents of .

Parasitoid wasps are vital for biological control, and while new species continue to be discovered, evaluating their biological characteristics is crucial for realizing their potential for pest management. (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is a well-studied parasitoid of dipteran pests, while Sureshan & Narendran (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) has been only morphologically described. To assess its biocontrol potential, we compared the biological traits of and using Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) as hosts. showed significantly higher parasitism rates, especially against , where achieved nearly 50% parasitism, compared to less than 0.3% by . When using as the host, no significant differences were observed between and in offspring sex ratio or adult longevity; however, exhibited a shorter developmental duration and greater tolerance to temperature extremes, starvation, and desiccation. Notably, has expanded its range from southern to northern China; however, no native parasitoids of this pest have been reported in the newly invaded northern regions. , collected from northern orchards and capable of parasitizing , thus shows promise as a biocontrol agent. These findings highlight the potential of locally occurring parasitoids, although field validation is still required.