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The -- superphylum comprises bacteria with divergent traits, epitomizing the vast biodiversity of non-model organisms that remains unexplored. Among its members, and exhibit unique adaptations, including variations in peptidoglycan structure and cell division without FtsZ. represents the only name-giving phylum within the PVC not extensively investigated. Here, exhaustive transposon mutagenesis combined with massive sequencing reveal the essential genome of . The essentiality report demonstrates that the cluster is essential except . Additionally, peptidoglycan analysis evidences that the composition and saccular arrangement are canonical, contrarily to and Targeted mutagenesis for was also developed, thus reinforcing its status as a model for . Ultimately, the evolutionary divergences of the cluster in PVC, combined with the previous results, suggest that its Last Common Ancestor was a Gracilicutes-like bacterium dividing by an FtsZ-mediated binary fission with peptidoglycan, from which current phyla diverged.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113037 | DOI Listing |
Genetics
September 2025
Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Protein translation regulation is critical for cellular responses and development, yet how elongation stage disruptions shape these processes remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify a single amino acid substitution (P55Q) in the ribosomal protein RPL-36A of Caenorhabditis elegans that confers complete resistance to the elongation inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX). Heterozygous animals carrying both wild-type RPL-36A and RPL-36A(P55Q) develop normally but show intermediate CHX resistance, indicating a partial dominant effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
September 2025
Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Breastfeeding is essential for reducing infant morbidity and mortality, yet exclusive breastfeeding rates remain low, often because of insufficient milk production. The molecular causes of low milk production are not well understood. Fresh milk samples from 30 lactating individuals, classified by milk production levels across postpartum stages, were analyzed using genomic and microbiome techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 have gained increasing relevance in the context of emerging immune-evasive variants and waning population immunity. Understanding their frequency and distribution is essential to guide public health strategies, particularly in middle-income countries. This study investigates the epidemiological patterns of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in Espírito Santo, Brazil, using integrated notification and vaccination databases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Natl Cancer Inst
September 2025
Associate Director Laboratory for Molecular Pediatric Pathology (LaMPP), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed cancer care by providing essential insights for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. However, variability in testing timing, reporting practices, and interpretation challenges limits its clinical impact. This manuscript highlights key opportunities to optimize somatic reporting, emphasizing the importance of timely testing throughout the cancer care continuum to maximize the diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
The mutagenic translesion synthesis (TLS) pathway, which is critically dependent on REV1's ability to recruit inserter TLS polymerases and the POLζ extender polymerase, enables cancer cells to bypass DNA lesions while introducing mutations that likely contribute to the development of chemotherapy resistance and secondary malignancies. Targeting this pathway represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of human REV1, a ca.
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