Biological potential and mechanisms of Brain-Expressed X-linked family proteins in cancers: an updated review.

Background: Brain-Expressed X-linked (BEX) family proteins is a relative younger protein family in human being, with limited understanding of its pathophysiological functions in health and disease. So far, The human BEX family consists of five members including BEX1-5, which have highly homologous and different subcellular localization, expression patterns and proteasome degradation. Previous research found that BEX family proteins play an important role in p75NTR signal pathway which closely connected with neuron differentiation and regeneration. In recent ten years, more and more studies have shown that BEX family proteins participate in multiple molecular signaling pathways in cancers, liver diseases, heart diseases et al. These evidences hint that BEX family proteins maybe potential therapeutic targets for multiple diseases.

Aim Of Review: In this review, we systematically summarize the research progress on the role of BEX family proteins in patients with various cancers. Our goal is to provide new treatments and insights into human cancers. In addition, the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications of BEX family proteins involved in various cancers were highlighted.

Key Scientific Concepts Of Review: The BEX family proteins plays an important role in a variety of biological processes, including inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, and participating in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis.