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Background: Protein intake is widely recognized as a reliable marker for assessing malnutrition. The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is characterized by the coexistence of malnutrition and overweight, obesity, or diet-related noncommunicable diseases in individuals, families, and populations throughout the life course.
Methods: Children were categorized into quartiles based on the protein index. World Health Organization (WHO) Anthro software was used to assess child growth and development, enabling the prediction of DBM prevalence. Nutrient intake, the effect on DBM were assessed using both a multifactorial logistic regression model and a binary logistic regression correction model.
Results: The prevalence of DBM increased with higher protein index quartiles. In the regression model, the risk of DBM was significantly higher in the second (Q) and fourth (Q) quartiles for both boys (Q: 1.934, 95% CI: 1.210-3.091; Q: 1.653, 95% CI: 1.016-2.687) as well as in the girls (Q: 1.963, 95% CI: 1.263-3.052; Q: 1.366, 95% CI: 0.857-2.178). In the multivariate models, the association between the protein index and DBM risk persisted as significant even after adjusting for confounding factors.
Conclusion: This study revealed a strong correlation between the protein index and DBM prevalence in preschool children aged 2-5 years.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1564733 | DOI Listing |
Brain Behav
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Background: The susceptibility values of the basal ganglia reflect the health status of these nuclei. We aimed to explore the associations between various demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and biological factors that have the potential to contribute to magnetic susceptibility and investigate the comprehensive impact of these multiple factors on basal ganglia susceptibility values.
Methods: We included 25,980 participants from the UK Biobank.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex (Engl Ed)
September 2025
Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Federal de Bahía (UFBA), Salvador, Bahía, Brazil.
Introduction And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. The development of MASLD is associated with dietary habits, and dietary intake characteristics are a relevant risk factor. The aim of the present study was to analyze dietary intake characteristics in children and adolescents and study how diet varies in subjects with and without MASLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Cell Biol
September 2025
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address:
Obesity is a multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Mouse models have emerged as invaluable tools for elucidating the complex genetic, environmental, and physiological mechanisms driving to obesity. This chapter provides an overview of the methodologies employed to establish and study obesity in mice, highlighting their relevance to human disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Nutr
September 2025
Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address:
Background: Data from dietary intervention studies to test the ability of sustainable diets to meet micronutrient (MN) requirements is required.
Objective: To compare MN intakes and status among adults who received dietary counselling to follow a sustainable diet or a standard healthy diet.
Methods: We conducted a single-blind, randomized controlled trial among 355 healthy adults aged 18-64 years in three centers over 12-weeks.
Cell Genom
September 2025
Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Non-olfactory G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate vital physiological functions and are targets for ∼34% of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. While small-molecule-activated GPCRs are well studied, there is growing interest in peptide GPCRs, particularly the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), a key regulator of energy balance and appetite. Activation of MC4R by β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH) reduces food intake, and pathway dysfunction leads to obesity.
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