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Unrooted phylogenetic networks are commonly used to represent evolutionary data in the presence of incompatibilities. While rooted phylogenetic networks offer a more explicit framework for depicting evolutionary histories involving reticulate events, they are reported less frequently, probably due to a lack of tools that are as easily applicable as those for unrooted networks. Here, we introduce PhyloFusion, a fast and user-friendly method for constructing rooted phylogenetic networks from sets of rooted phylogenetic trees. The resulting networks have the tree-child property. The algorithm accommodates trees with unresolved nodes -often resulting from the contraction of low-support edges- as well as some degree of missing taxa. We demonstrate its application to the analysis of functionally related gene groups and show that it can efficiently handle datasets comprising tens of trees or hundreds of taxa. An open source implementation of PhyloFusion is available as part of the SplitsTree app: https://www.github.com/husonlab/splitstree6 All data available here: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.k3j9kd5h5.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaf049 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
The origin and phylogenetic distribution of symbiotic associations between nodulating angiosperms and nitrogen-fixing bacteria have long intrigued biologists. Recent comparative evolutionary analyses have yielded alternative hypotheses: a multistep pathway of independent gains and losses of root nodule symbiosis vs. a single gain followed by numerous losses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Life Sci Technol
August 2025
Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458 China.
The Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) is the world's preeminent marine biodiversity hotspot, distinguished by its exceptional species richness in tropical shallow waters. This biodiversity has spurred extensive research into its evolutionary and biogeographic origins. Two prominent theoretical frameworks dominate explanations for the IAA's biodiversity: the "centers-of hypotheses" and the "hopping hotspot hypothesis".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Lett
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Symbioses with mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) enhance nitrogen (N) acquisition in host plants and may promote N transfer to neighbouring plants through mycorrhizal networks (MN). Nevertheless, the extent and mechanisms of this transfer remain unclear. On the basis of a synthesis of N labeling studies, we show that MN and NFB synergistically enhanced interplant N sharing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Math Biol
September 2025
Department of Computer Science, Hunter College of CUNY and the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, 10065, USA.
Tree balance plays an important role in various research areas in phylogenetics and computer science. Typically, it is measured with the help of a balance index or imbalance index. There are more than 25 such indices available, recently surveyed in a book by Fischer et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheor Appl Genet
September 2025
Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
Saline-alkali soil poses a severe threat to the cultivation and yield of soybean, which is an important oilseed and staple crop. As a key metabolic intermediate, S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and its associated methyltransferases (SAMMTs) play crucial but poorly understood roles in plant stress responses. This study investigated the expression of SAM-depend methyltransferase (SAMMt) family in soybean.
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