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Cancer poses a major health burden worldwide, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Personalized cancer vaccines represent a promising form of immunotherapy that enhances the ability of the immune system to recognize and destroy tumor cells through tumor-associated and cancer-specific antigens. This review categorizes cancer vaccines into preventive, therapeutic, and personalized vaccines, discussing their mechanisms, clinical applications, and current FDA-approved examples, such as Sip-uleucel-T and HPV vaccines. We highlight the recent advances in RNA-based vaccines, viral vectors, and nanotechnology, along with the synergistic role of cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors in improving therapeutic efficacy. Overcoming ethical, regulatory, and technological barriers through global collaboration is essential for maximizing vaccine efficacy and enhancing patient outcomes. This review highlights the pivotal role of personalized vaccines in advancing precision medicine and reshaping cancer treatment paradigms.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0115680096381121250628142857 | DOI Listing |
JCO Glob Oncol
May 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Purpose: Expanding high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage in resource-constrained settings is critical to bridging the cervical cancer gap and achieving the global action plan for elimination. Mobile health (mHealth) technology via short message services (SMS) has the potential to improve HPV vaccination uptake. The mHealth-HPVac study evaluated the effectiveness of mHealth interventions in increasing HPV vaccine uptake among mothers of unvaccinated girls aged 9-14 years in Lagos, Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Pharm Bull
July 2025
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India 793022.
One of the major reason of deaths due to cancer globally is caused by lung cancer of which the two main types include non-small cell and small cell lung cancer. The onset of treatment-resistance in cancer cells offers a serious obstacle to the therapeutic effect despite that primary conventional treatments have provided significant benefits and cures. Cancer immunotherapy offers a compelling alternative in patients by utilizing their immune system to enhance its ability to fight against tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfr J Prim Health Care Fam Med
August 2025
Department of Preventative Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Natural Resources and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), Windhoek.
Background: Cervical cancer remains a pressing public health concern in Namibia, with significant barriers to prevention, particularly in rural areas.
Aim: This study explored health system's challenges and their impact on cervical cancer prevention efforts.
Setting: This study was conducted in the Ohangwena and Kavango West regions of Namibia.
J Infect Dev Ctries
August 2025
Scientific Research Centre for Public Health, University of Vlore "Ismail Qemali", Vlore, Albania.
Introduction: Despite the HPV vaccine's efficacy in cervical cancer prevention, cervical cancer ranks second in prevalence among women, following breast cancer. Various factors negatively impact HPV vaccination uptake, with parents' knowledge and attitudes being particularly crucial in this regard.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and May 2023, targeting parents in northern Albania.