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Energetic materials (EMs) have important application value in the military and civil fields. But at the same time, EMs will burn or explode when they are impacted or rubbed. 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) is one of the typical energetic compounds with high energy, whose density is 2.04 g cm and velocity of detonation is 9380 m s. However, its high mechanical sensitivity (impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity) has become one of the major problems that limit its application in solid propellants and explosives. Consequently, the mitigation of CL-20's mechanical sensitivity has remained a critical research objective in the field of EMs. In this review, the passivation of CL-20, including crystal control, cocrystallization, surface coating, spheronization, and nanonization, is summarized. Different methods significantly reduce the sensitivity of CL-20, with the lowest impact sensitivity reaching 35 J. In addition, research directions on the passivation of CL-20 in the future were proposed, promoting the application of CL-20 in energetic systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c11210 | DOI Listing |
Rev Med Interne
September 2025
Service d'hématologie biologique, CHU d'Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France; HEMATIM UR4666, université Picardie Jules-Verne, Amiens, France.
The diagnosis of hemolysis is still based on straightforward biochemical parameters: haptoglobin (the most sensitive), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and unconjugated bilirubin. Anemia is not always present. Reticulocyte counts typically exceed 120×10/L, except in cases of associated vitamin deficiency or during the very early phase of acute hemolysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adv Res
September 2025
(1)School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong 519000, China. Electronic address:
Introduction: Traditional hydrogels with poor mechanical properties and lack of biological activities severely limit their application in wound therapy. Designing multifunctional hydrogels for monitoring and accelerating wound healing remains imperative.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop a multifunctional antifreeze ionic conductive Gel-TBA@organohydrogel with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties for monitoring and wound treatment.
Biosens Bioelectron
September 2025
School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China. Electronic address:
The practical implementation of wearable sensing devices for human health monitoring requires significant advancements in lightweight design and multifunctional integration. Fiber-shaped sensors have attracted considerable research attention due to their ability to maintain exceptional sensitivity and measurement accuracy under various mechanical deformations, including bending, stretching, and torsion. Nevertheless, the functional integration remains constrained, particularly as evidenced by sensitivity degradation and device failure under extreme high-temperature conditions, which severely hinders their practical applicability for real-time health monitoring applications in complex environmental scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Radiat Isot
September 2025
Nuclear Engineering Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Accurate determination of the parameters of each high purity germanium, HPGe detectors ensure the precision of quantitative results obtained from spectrum analysis. This study presents a comprehensive performance evaluation and long-term quality control assessment of a high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry system that has been operational for over 15 years. Key spectrometric measures were recorded, including energy resolution, peak shape ratios, asymmetry, peak-to-Compton ratio, relative efficiency, electronic noise, minimum detectable activity (MDA), and repeatability and reproducibility of the system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
September 2025
Department of Light Chemical Engineering, School of Textiles Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Special Protective, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
Polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (PDES) have recently emerged as a class of solvent-free ionically conductive elastomers and are considered among the most feasible candidates for next-generation ionotronic devices. However, the fundamental challenge persists in synergistically combining high mechanical strength, robust adhesion, reliable self-healing capacity, and effective antimicrobial performance within a unified material system capable of fulfilling the rigorous operational demands of next-generation ionotronic devices across multifunctional applications. Inspired by the hierarchical structure of spider silk, HCAG eutectogels composed of acrylic acid (AA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), and choline chloride (ChCl) were successfully synthesized via a one-step photopolymerization method.
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