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Play is considered to be an essential part of development that supports learning, memory, and the development of flexible behavioral strategies. It may also serve as an informative factor in assessing an animal's welfare state and in improving care and husbandry practices. An increasing number of non-mammalian species have been discovered to engage in play behavior, including several cephalopod species. Here, we characterized play behavior in wild-caught, laboratory-housed California Two-Spot Octopuses, Octopus bimaculoides, a species with growing relevance as a model in biomedical research, with the goal of establishing a behavioral repertoire and encouraging further research into the behavior and welfare of this species.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12233255 | PMC |
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0326379 | PLOS |
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med
August 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Introduction: Primary central nervous system vasculitis (primary CNS vasculitis) is a rare inflammatory disorder that affects small-to-medium-sized cerebral vessels, often leading to recurrent strokes. Diagnosis is vague due to non-specific neurological symptoms. Imaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and exclusion of systemic vasculitis are essential for diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Int (Lond)
August 2025
Department of Oncology, Combined Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare tumour derived from dendritic cells located in B-follicles that play a pivotal role in the adaptive immune response. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for localized disease; however, the management of unresectable or advanced disease is less well-defined. To date, to the best of our knowledge, there is no established or preferred chemotherapeutic regimen, although a number of regimens (primarily used in lymphomas and sarcomas) have been utilized with suboptimal outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Epidemiol
October 2025
School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Background: Seasonal variation in mortality results from a combination of environmental, biological, and social factors, with ambient temperature recognized as a key contributor. However, comprehensive assessments disentangling temperature effects from other seasonal influences across a broad range of mortality causes remain limited. This study aimed to quantify and compare the mortality burden attributable to ambient temperature and broader seasonal variation across major causes of death in Spain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeilstein J Org Chem
August 2025
Department of Natural Sciences and Sustainable Resources, Institute of Organic Chemistry, BOKU University, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
Nonreducing disaccharides are prevalent in non-mammalian glycans and glycolipids, serving as pivotal structural components in mycobacterial glycans, microbial oligosaccharide and nucleoside antibiotics, as well as biologically active mimetics of bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). As integral components of PAMPs, 1,1'-linked disaccharide-containing biomolecules play important roles in host-pathogen interactions, cellular signaling, and pathogenesis. Accessing complex biomolecules containing nonreducing disaccharides is often hindered by difficulties in isolating them from natural sources, which can result in impure or degraded products, particularly when sensitive functional groups are involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemperature (Austin)
June 2025
Kanto Golf Association, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
The associated factors for exertional heat stroke among amateur golfers remain poorly understood. We conducted a case-control study to examine exertional heat exhaustion (EHE) - related symptoms among amateur golfers in Japan using a self-administered questionnaire. Retrospective case-control study design.
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