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Article Abstract
Depleting fossil fuels necessitate innovative solutions for sustainable biodiesel production from sunflower oil, addressing global energy and environmental challenges. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with the k-ε model and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimized frequency (5-15 Hz), baffle diameter ratio (d₀/D: 0.4-0.8 mm), and baffle spacing (3-7 mm) in a single-orifice oscillatory flow reactor (OFR). Optimal conditions (frequency = 12.12 Hz, d₀/D = 0.4 mm, spacing = 10 mm) achieved an 83% biodiesel conversion, maximum turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) of 7.56 m²/s², maximum vorticity of 112.23 1/s, and energy dissipation of 359.82 m²/s³, validated by a TKE-yield correlation (R² = 0.972). Simplified reactor design reduces energy dissipation by 20% compared to multi-orifice reactors (88% yield, higher costs) and smooth periodic constriction reactors (74.5% yield). Findings offer a scalable, eco-friendly solution for industrial biodiesel production, minimizing fossil fuel dependency and enhancing process efficiency.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221185 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0326747 | PLOS |
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