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This study analyzed different contact theories and models for simulating rail wear in the turnout areas. The typical cross-sections of the high-speed turnout switch and frog areas are selected. Normal and tangential contact models of wheel-rail are compared. A vehicle-turnout coupling dynamic model is developed in the turnout area considering the actual rail profile, the continuous traction force, and the running resistance. In addition, different wear models, update steps, wear superposition, and filtering methods are investigated in the turnout area. A simulation program in the turnout area for rail wear damage is established and compared with experimental data. The results demonstrate that the normal semi-Hertz model and the tangential semi-Hertz-based FASTSIM algorithm suit the wheel-rail contact in the turnout area. The wear model based on wear work is selected for simulating wear in the turnout area with a updating wear step size of 0.05 mm. The proposed model provides accurate rail wear values in the turnout area compared to the traditional models.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08065-4 | DOI Listing |
Equine Vet J
August 2025
Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.
Background: Gestational and early-life exposures may modulate development during growth and influence future athletic performance.
Objectives: To investigate associations between gestational and early-life exposures in Thoroughbreds and (i) likelihood of racing, (ii) total number of runs and (iii) total prizemoney by the end of the 3-year-old year.
Study Design: Prospective cohort.
Resuscitation
August 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, St. Josef́s Hospital, Freiburg.
Introduction: Smartphone alerting systems (SAS) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are requiring continuous further development. One important element herein is the algorithm, dispatching only those community first responders (CFR) capable of reaching the scene within the shortest possible time. Currently, no data exist regarding the interval between the initial alert and departure to the scene (=turnout time, ToT), despite the critical importance of this information for optimizing dispatch algorithms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
July 2025
China Railway Materials Group Operation and Maintenance Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China.
This study analyzed different contact theories and models for simulating rail wear in the turnout areas. The typical cross-sections of the high-speed turnout switch and frog areas are selected. Normal and tangential contact models of wheel-rail are compared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Res Adolesc
September 2025
Sociology, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, California, USA.
"Dual pandemics" refers to the combination of COVID-19 and structural racism in U.S. society-two forces that intersect to exacerbate inequities for marginalized and underrepresented communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrev Vet Med
September 2025
Trent University, 55 Thornton Road South, Oshawa, Ontario L1J 5Y1, Canada. Electronic address:
Horses may travel for a variety of reasons, leading to potential exposure to pathogens. Typically, these movements are bidirectional with horses returning to their home facility, therefore also risking pathogen exposure to resident horses at home facilities. The Canadian National Farm and Facility Level Biosecurity Standard for the Equine Sector was designed to outline best practices for managing biosecurity at equestrian facilities, however, there is a gap between the implementation of these recommendations and the day-to-day operations of equestrian facilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF