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The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus-like particle (SC2-VLP) method offers a powerful and accessible tool for studying the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle without the need for biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratories. This system effectively mimics critical stages of the viral life cycle, including assembly, genome packaging, and egress, using a luciferase reporter fused to the T20 signal for sensitive and precise detection of viral particle production. SC2-VLPs are generated by co-expressing SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins, including membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), envelop (E), and spike (S), along with the RNA packaging signal in HEK-293T cells. Unlike traditional virus-like particle systems, the SC2-VLP method ensures accurate quantification and greater fidelity to the natural viral life cycle. Furthermore, compared to lentiviral pseudotyping methods, which are limited to studying viral entry through the incorporation of S protein into HIV-based lentiviral particles, the SC2-VLP system provides a more comprehensive platform for exploring multiple stages of SARS-CoV-2 biology. While this method bypasses the risks of handling live virus and expands accessibility. The SC2-VLP method represents a significant advancement in antiviral research and the development of therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/68389 | DOI Listing |
Thorax
September 2025
Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Background: The long-acting monoclonal antibody nirsevimab and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines became available for prevention of severe RSV-associated disease in 2023. While clinical trials showed good efficacy and safety, their restrictive inclusion criteria, small sample sizes and short follow-up limit generalisability. We aimed to summarise real-world evidence on the effectiveness and safety of nirsevimab, RSV maternal vaccine and RSV vaccines for older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Immunol
September 2025
Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Despite an effective combination of antiretroviral therapy, HIV persists as a lifelong infection and global health threat. The human host equips restriction factors and interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes that target every step of the viral life cycle. However, HIV-1 has evolved a coordinated immune evasion strategy using a limited set of accessory proteins with distinct antagonistic functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Immunol
September 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine (Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research), China. Electronic address:
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), caused by the novel phlebovirus SFTSV (SFTS bunyavirus), was first identified in 2009 across several Chinese provinces, with a case fatality rate reaching 30 %. Given its compact genome, SFTSV critically depends on host cellular machinery for replication and pathogenesis. In this study, we employed a systematic strategy combining co-immunoprecipitation of viral-host complexes with formaldehyde crosslinking and affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) to comprehensively map SFTSV-host interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Public Health
October 2025
Alexander Furuya, Asa Radix, Adam Whalen, Jessica Contreras, Jenesis Merriman, Krish J. Bhatt, Roberta Scheinmann, and Dustin T. Duncan are with the Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY. Yusuf Ransome is with the Department of Social and Behav
To examine how one's community connectedness may act as a source of resilience and promote HIV prevention and care behaviors among transgender women of color. We analyzed survey data from 313 transgender women of color living in New York City collected from August 2020 to November 2022. The Community Connectedness Scale asks participants about their baseline feelings of connection, feelings of inclusion, feelings of belonging, feelings of isolation, and feelings of being unlike in relation to the transgender community.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVector Borne Zoonotic Dis
September 2025
Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cross-Border Infectious Disease Control and Prevention and Novel Drug Development, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China.
: Mosquitoes harbor diverse insect-specific viruses (ISVs) frequently overlooked in arbovirus surveillance. Comprehensive characterization of ISVs is crucial for understanding their impact on host ecology and potential roles in arbovirus transmission. : Using metagenomic sequencing on Armigeres subalbatus from Yunnan, China, we identified two novel picorna-like viruses, assembled their genomes, and conducted phylogenetic analysis.
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