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Identifying the direction of fault is an essential mission of the transmission line protective scheme. This paper discusses a direction protective technique based on a positive impedance approach. The samples of the instantaneous positive sequence voltage component and the instantaneous positive sequence current component are used to determine the impedance approach and complete the Z matrix values. The fault direction can be determine using Z matrix values. Different configurations of the power system are utilized to examine the proposed protective scheme. Software ATP-EMTP (Simulation experiments) verified the feasibility of the presented scheme. To verify the capability and accuracy of presented scheme, it is examined by many fault scenarios such as high fault resistance, far end fault, cross-country fault, power flow change, single pole tripping, CT saturation and noise impact. In addition, the validity of the presented scheme is compared with other protection directional schemes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06609-2 | DOI Listing |
Lipids Health Dis
September 2025
Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Stenglingstr. 2, Augsburg, 86156, Germany.
Background: This study aimed to investigate the gender-specific associations of skeletal muscle mass and fat mass with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD-related liver fibrosis in two population-based studies.
Methods: Analyses were based on data from the MEGA (n = 238) and the MEIA study (n = 594) conducted between 2018 and 2023 in Augsburg, Germany. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to evaluate relative skeletal muscle mass (rSM) and SM index (SMI) as well as relative fat mass (rFM) and FM index (FMI); furthermore, the fat-to-muscle ratio was built.
Adv Healthc Mater
September 2025
Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada.
Accurate brain signal recording and precise electrode placement are critical for the success of neuromodulation therapies such as deep brain stimulation (DBS). Addressing these challenges requires deep brain electrodes that provide high-quality, stable recordings while remaining compatible with high-resolution medical imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moreover, such electrodes shall be cost-effective, easy to manufacture, and patient-compatible.
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September 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore 7408 Bangladesh
Bacterial detection is crucial for accurate clinical diagnostics and effective environmental monitoring. Particularly, , a pathogenic bacterium, can cause a wide range of infections, including meningitis, bloodstream infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and wound or surgical site infections. Herein, a polypyrrole (PPy) functionalized TiCT -tin dioxide nanoparticle (SnO NPs) nanocomposite-based hybrid capacitive electrode for the electrochemical detection of ATCC 700603 is developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
August 2025
School of Mechanical Engineering and IEDT, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Introduction: Quantitative computed tomography (qCT) provides detailed spatial assessments of lung structure and function, while electrical impedance tomography (EIT) offers high temporal resolution for analyzing breathing patterns but lacks structural detail. This study investigates the correlation between qCT-based spatial variables and EIT-based temporal signals to elucidate the physiological relationships between these two modalities.
Methods: Six participants with asthma underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs) before and after bronchodilator inhalation.
Langmuir
September 2025
Microelectronics & Nanotechnology-Shamsuddin Research Centre (MiNT-SRC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400 Johor, Malaysia.
Achieving a crack-free, high-surface-area photoanode is essential for maximizing the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this work, rutile titanium dioxide (rTiO) nanoflowers were synthesized hydrothermally and then conformally coated with copper(I) oxide (CuO) by RF magnetron sputtering to seal pre-existing cracks and to create a nanothorn surface favorable for dye adsorption. Systematic control of the sputtering time identified 60 min as optimal condition, yielding a photoanode thickness of about 6.
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