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Accumulating evidence over several years suggests that microbial infections (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi) may play a role in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, we discuss the reported associations between a variety of microbes and the development of AD, as well as potential causal relationships between infections and AD risk. Having evaluated the current state of knowledge, we make specific recommendations for what it would take to present definitive evidence that chronic infections play a causal role in AD pathogenesis.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350065 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.05.009 | DOI Listing |
Pediatr Nephrol
September 2025
Pediatric Nephrology Department, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.
Copeptin, a stable glycopeptide derived from the precursor of arginine vasopressin (AVP), has emerged as a valuable surrogate biomarker for AVP due to its stability and ease of measurement. This narrative review explores the physiological role of copeptin, its utility as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in different kidney diseases, and its clinical relevance in renal tubular disorders. The clinical application of copeptin as a diagnostic biomarker is best established in the differential diagnosis of polyuria-polydipsia syndrome (PPS), distinguishing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) from central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and primary polydipsia (PP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Department of Cardiology, Apollo Hospitals, Indore, IND.
The cardiovascular continuum is the developmental process of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) leading to heart failure (HF) and sudden cardiac death. Beta-blockers (BBs) are at the forefront of managing conditions along this continuum, ranging from cardiovascular (CV) risk factors to heart failure. In particular, bisoprolol proved to be a highly cardio-selective BB with a favourable pharmacokinetic profile, demonstrating long-term safety, good tolerability, and proven efficacy in reducing cardiac events, including arrhythmias and mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adv Nurs
September 2025
Institute of Clinical Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Aim: To examine the relationships among social support, eHealth literacy and eHealth technology acceptance among patients with chronic illnesses, and investigate whether eHealth literacy plays a mediating role.
Design: A cross-sectional correlational study.
Methods: A total of 202 patients with chronic illnesses were recruited from outpatient clinics and communities in Taiwan.
Palliat Med Rep
May 2025
Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Background: The Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC), established in 2005 and funded by the Australian Government, is a national quality improvement initiative that integrates patient outcome measures into routine clinical practice. While PCOC supports services to improve patient care, implementation across diverse clinical settings presents challenges, with variation observed between similarly resourced services. Engaging services in continuous quality improvement proves difficult as the program grows.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethnopharmacol
September 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Research Center for Veterinary Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shen Ling Bai Zhu San (SLBZS) is a classical Chinese herbal formula and has been used for treating chronic diarrhea (CD) for several centuries. However, there is a lack of robust evidence on how SLBZS regulates immune function to improve CD.
Aim Of The Study: To reveal the spleen-invigorating and antidiarrheal effects of SLBZS in chronic diarrhea mice induced by spleen-deficiency, as well as to explore the underlying mechanism.