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Tractography involves many steps, and as such can be heavily affected by data quality, operator decisions such as algorithm and parameter selection and/or biological variables - in addition to random effects such as noise and motion. Due to the interplay between sources of variability, even seemingly minor decisions or overlooked assumptions can lead to major variations in output that can potentially confound tractography results. This article summarizes the main sources of variability in tractography to remind both new and experienced users of the importance of making informed decisions at all stages of the tractography pipeline.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-025-02964-y | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
September 2025
Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India. Electronic address:
Extreme rainfall during the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) accounts for approximately 27 % of the total seasonal rainfall. Most of this moisture is transported from the Indian Ocean. Amid ongoing warming of the Indian Ocean, 2023 stood out as one of the warmest monsoon years on record.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Serv Res
September 2025
Institute for Insight, Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Objective: Develop a causal machine learning (causal ML) framework for estimating how a diagnosis (cancer in this study) affects the likelihood of receiving a specific health care service (advance care planning in this study) and associated heterogeneity.
Study Setting And Design: Our proposed framework leverages the causal forest method, combined with a population-weighted resampling and averaging over estimations strategy, to estimate average treatment effects (ATEs) and conditional average treatment effects (CATEs). Post hoc, we used best linear projections to identify covariates associated with variation in the CATEs.
Health Serv Res
September 2025
Division of Clinical Informatics and Digital Transformation, Director, Center for Clinical Informatics and Improvement Research, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, California, USA.
Objective: To analyze national rates of team-based ordering and evaluate changes in key outcomes following adoption.
Study Setting And Design: We conducted an observational pre-post intervention-comparison study of 249,463 ambulatory physicians across 401 organizations using the Epic EHR. Our intervention was the adoption of team-based ordering, measured as the proportion of orders involving team support.
Sci Rep
September 2025
Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Fukushima, 9630298, Koriyama, Japan.
The increasing adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) in energy systems has brought significant advancements but also heightened cyber security risks. Virtual Power Plants (VPPs), which aggregate distributed renewable energy resources into a single entity for participation in energy markets, are particularly vulnerable to cyber-attacks due to their reliance on modern information and communication technologies. Cyber-attacks targeting devices, networks, or specific goals can compromise system integrity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
September 2025
Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) encompasses a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension that collectively increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Animal models are widely used to study CMS, with diet-induced models being the most physiologically relevant. A lack of reporting standards and variability in dietary composition, feeding duration, and macronutrient content across studies hinder reproducibility assessment and translational impact evaluation.
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