Reconstruction of the Proximal Portion of the Brachial Triceps Muscle with Homologous Graft: A Case Report.

Introduction: Injuries to the brachial triceps (BT) tendon are rare, accounting for about 1% of all tendon injuries. The complexity of these injuries, especially in their proximal portion, and the scarcity of data in the literature make each case essential to expand knowledge. This report demonstrates an effective treatment method for extensive muscle loss around the shoulder using a homologous graft, offering new perspectives for similar cases.

Case Report: A 65-year-old female patient presented with a history of desmoid tumor treated surgically through an extensive surgical resection of the proximal portion of the BT muscle, followed by a third-degree burn in the left scapular region. The patient exhibited sequelae, manifesting complaints related to esthetics and reduced active extension of the elbow. Hypotrophy of the deltoid muscle was also observed, associated with paresthesia in the corresponding C5 dermatome. The patient underwent surgical treatment for reconstruction of the proximal portion of the BT muscle using a homologous graft from the tensor fascia lata muscle, which resulted in esthetic and functional improvements without additional neurological deficits.

Conclusion: The case report demonstrates that reconstruction of the proximal portion of the BT muscle with a homologous graft is a promising approach for treating this type of injury, bringing significant improvements in muscle function and esthetics. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach, postoperative surveillance, and the continuous pursuit of technical advancements are essential to optimize results and minimize complications, broadening therapeutic options in complex cases.