Demographic and Sleep Study Factors Influencing Short-Term Adherence to Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy effectively treats obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), yet adherence to the therapy presents significant challenges. This study identifies demographic and sleep study factors that influence short-term adherence to PAP therapy among patients with OSA by comparing data from adherent and non-adherent groups. Patients diagnosed with OSA via polysomnography who commenced PAP therapy after titration were divided into adherent and non-adherent groups. We employed propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio based on age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), including a total of 150 patients in the analysis. Logistic regression analyses were conducted on all pertinent variables, excluding those with high multicollinearity. Non-significant variables were omitted from the final model, whose performance was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Data from 150 participants (mean age 49.56 ± 14.31 years, 79% males, mean BMI 28.96 ± 5.11) were analyzed. Significant predictors of adherence included smoking status (odds ratio [OR] 0.267; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.116-0.580; = 0.001), Epworth sleepiness scale (OR 1.080; 95% CI, 1.004-1.166; = 0.042), oxygen desaturation index (ODI) during titration (OR 0.906; 95% CI, 0.829-0.975, = 0.015), and optimal PAP levels (OR 1.240; 95% CI, 1.007-1.119; = 0.029). The ROC curve analysis indicated an AUC of 0.765, confirming the model's effectiveness in distinguishing between adherent and non-adherent patients. Adherence is negatively affected by smoking, whereas higher daytime sleepiness, optimal PAP levels, and a lower ODI during titration are associated with better adherence, underscoring the importance of personalized treatment approaches.