Extraction of 4'-hydroxyacetophenone and caudatin from Cynanchum auriculatum flowers using enzymolysis-green surfactant assisted homogenate ultrasound method.

An efficient and green enzymolysis-surfactant-assisted homogenate ultrasound method (ESHU) was used to extract of 4'-hydroxyacetophenone and caudatin from Cynanchum auriculatum flowers. After optimizing ESHU using a mathematical design model, the yields of 4'-hydroxyacetophenone and caudatin were 83.23 ± 3.79 μg/g and 40.35 ± 1.82 μg/g, respectively. The ESHU extraction mechanism was elucidated using FTIR and contact angle measurements, which revealed an increase in hydrophilic group content and a lower contact angle in the samples. These changes enhanced the wettability of the samples and solubility of the target compounds. Scanning electron microscopy revealed structural damage in the samples, which facilitated the release of the target compounds. Furthermore, molecular electrostatic potential analysis revealed that 4'-hydroxyacetophenone and caudatin were extracted using alkyl polyglucoside 10 (APG10) due to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Therefore, this method effectively increases the yield of the target compounds and enhances the viability of using plant byproducts in the production of food, medicine, and health products.