Relationship between neuron-specific enolase and swallowing dysfunction in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a single-center retrospective study.

Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and swallowing dysfunction in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and evaluate the impact of early enteral nutrition intervention on NSE levels.

Setting And Participants: A retrospective study was conducted involving 445 AIS patients admitted to the neurology department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University between September 2015 and August 2022. Data collected included gender, age, water-swallowing test (WST) score upon admission, and NSE examination results on admission, the 5th day, and the 10th day.

Results: Among 445 enrolled AIS patients, 42.0% (187/445) exhibited swallowing dysfunction. Key findings revealed: (1) Positive correlation between WST severity and serum NSE levels across all timepoints (P < 0.05). (2) Dysphagia patients demonstrated elevated NSE levels versus controls (P < 0.05). (3) Early enteral nutrition intervention (n = 98) significantly reduced NSE levels by day 10 compared to non-intervention group (P < 0.05), though no intergroup differences were observed at admission or day 5 (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: NSE measurement is a simple supplement to the WST. There existed a significant correlation between NSE and swallowing dysfunction, making NSE a potential preliminary screening indicator for evaluating in ischemic stroke patients. And early implementation of enteral nutrition intervention could effectively reduce NSE levels in patients with ischemic stroke.