Impact of laparoscopic experience on learning curves in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RaRP): a comparative analysis of oncological and functional outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of prior laparoscopic experience on the learning curve and surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RaRP).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 101 patients treated between 2021 and 2023. Two surgeons at the beginning of their robotic learning curves were compared: one with extensive prior laparoscopic experience and the other without such a background. Perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes were assessed, with a specific focus on Pentafecta criteria. Statistical analyses and cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts were employed to evaluate performance trends and surgical outcomes.

Results: Surgeon A, with substantial prior laparoscopic expertise, demonstrated shorter operative times (p = 0.015), reduced intraoperative blood loss, and superior early functional outcomes. Specifically, patients operated on by Surgeon A exhibited higher pad-free continence rates and improved erectile function recovery at 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.01). Additionally, nerve-sparing procedures performed by Surgeon A showed a trend toward fewer positive surgical margins, although this difference did not reach statistical significance. CUSUM analysis revealed more stable and consistent performance trends for Surgeon A in achieving Pentafecta outcomes compared to Surgeon B.

Conclusions: Previous laparoscopic experience significantly contributes to shortening the learning curve for RaRP and enhancing early functional outcomes. This advantage is likely attributable to greater surgical anatomical knowledge. These findings highlight the importance of tailored training programs and the potential for skill transfer between laparoscopic and robotic approaches. Further studies are warranted to refine surgical education strategies and improve patient care outcomes.