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This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the development of molecular chemosensors for the detection of hazardous anions such as acetate (AcO), cyanide (CN), and fluoride (F), with a particular focus on fluorescent and colorimetric detection strategies. It examines the fundamental principles of molecular recognition and sensor design, highlighting how specific binding interactions and structural tuning contribute to enhanced selectivity and sensitivity. The review discusses innovative synthetic approaches and the integration of various signaling mechanisms that enable rapid and reliable detection in complex matrices, addressing both the challenges of interference and the need for real-time monitoring in environmental, industrial, and biomedical applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.126414 | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China.
Glutamate (Glu) plays a critical role in the brain, and the ability to directly measure glutamate activity is essential for understanding its physiological functions and pathological processes. Herein, we engineered a family of Glu sensors () based on host-guest interactions through the indicator displacement method (IDA) strategy. The optimized supramolecular chemosensor exhibited specificity, sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, rapid kinetics (∼145 ms), and photostability, enabling it to be suitable for monitoring Glu dynamics in neuronal organelles, brain tissues, and zebrafish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 026, India.
A simple and robust colorimetric and fluorescent eugenol-based chemical sensor, namely, (E)-N'-(5-allyl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (EABH) was synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as, NMR (H and C) and mass spectra. The chemosensor shows dual behavior for the colorimetric detection of Fe and fluorometric detection of Pb ions with high sensitivity and selectivity towards both the ions. The EABH detects Fe by "naked eye" color change from lime yellow to brown and displayed fluorescence "Turn-off" response to Pb ion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
August 2025
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) protected with self-assembled organic monolayers represent versatile nanostructures with applications in catalysis, molecular sensing, and recognition. The ordered arrangement of ligands within the monolayer promotes specific orientations and proximities of functional groups, facilitating weak yet selective interactions with small molecules in solution. In the context of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), AuNPs can act as magnetization reservoirs, allowing selective transfer to interacting molecules and making them promising chemosensors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLuminescence
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India.
This study demonstrates the synthesis and characterization of a series of novel isoxazole-containing 4-hydroxycoumarin-based chemosensors for the highly selective and rapid detection of Mn and Cu ions from among several metal ions in DMSO: EtOH (1:9 v/v). The probes were synthesized using inexpensive and readily available starting materials and were structurally characterized by H and C NMR, FT-IR, HRMS, and SC-XRD spectroscopic analyses. UV-Vis, fluorescence studies, and X-ray crystallography revealed a significant binding interaction with Cu and Mn, leading to pronounced spectral shifts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant J
August 2025
Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology (SUAT), No. 1 Gongchang Road, Shenzen, 518107, China.
Carnivorous plants such as the Venus flytrap Dionaea muscipula survive in nutrient-poor habitats by attracting and consuming animals. Upon deflection of the touch-sensitive trigger hairs, the trap closes instantly. Panicking prey repeatedly collides with trigger hairs, which activate the endocrine system: mechano- and chemosensors translate the information on the prey's nature, size, and activity into jasmonate-dependent lytic enzyme secretion.
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