Sericin-Based 3D High-Precision Biomimetic Microscaffold Fabricated by Laser Direct Writing for Tissue Engineering.

In tissue engineering, scaffolds are designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM), creating three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments that support cell adhesion and growth. However, the precise fabrication of heterogenenous ECM-mimicking 3D microstructures remains an unsolved challenge. To address this, high-precise sericin-based scaffolds were developed via femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) technology. Chemically modified sericin served as a monomer in the FsLDW process, achieving nanoscale precision and enabling the fabrication of arbitrary 3D sericin microstructures. Biomimetic 3D models, derived from natural tissue matrices, were employed to construct heterogenenous sericin bioscaffolds. These anisotropic scaffolds effectively supported cell directional growth and differentiation. This advancement greatly enhances the precision of sericin-based tissue-engineered scaffolds, enabling the creation of heterogenenous, multifunctional microenvironments that mimic natural ECM to support functional tissue development and address challenges in accurately simulating ECM microstructures in tissue regeneration.