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Photopatterned polymer brushes provide a viable option to alter the surface properties of biosensors, substrates for tissue engineering, or microelectronic implants. Although the one-photon direct laser writing enables excellent control over pattern geometry, it has an inherently limited writing resolution caused by the used light source; moreover, no patterning of undercuts or channels is possible. This article describes the preparation of patterned polymer brushes on confined glass substrates using two-photon-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (2PRAFT) polymerization of -acryloylmorpholine as a hydrophilic model monomer. The polymer brushes prepared by 2PRAFT exhibit a height of 10 nm, as confirmed by atomic force microscopy. In addition, well-defined printed structures down to 5 μm size are prepared, which outperforms the currently achieved resolution of polymer brushes prepared by one-photon direct laser writing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400263 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
Distinctive polymer brushes (PBs) play a crucial role in providing a nonpreferential (neutral) surface for vertical orientation of block copolymers (BCPs). This bottom-up approach effectively aligns the formation of vertical lamellar and cylinder lattice structures from the BCP, which is crucial for nanopatterning and other applications. In conventional BCP self-assembly techniques, random copolymer brushes are commonly employed to achieve substrate neutrality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDent Med Probl
September 2025
Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Background: Cleaning overdentures is challenging due to their complex metallic structures, which often create small and irregular areas that are difficult to clean. Thus, it is necessary to find an effective and safe method for their maintenance.
Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of hygiene methods on the dimensional changes and retention force of the O-ring system over a simulated two-year period.
Langmuir
September 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Megacenter, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
The interface between grafted poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and fluid plays an important role in drug delivery, responsive nanomaterials, and separation technologies. However, under external shear, the transport at the interface is regulated by both the thermoresponsive behavior and grafting densities. This study combines equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the synergistic effects of grafting density, temperature, and shear flow on the structural and dynamic properties of PNIPAM brushes in methanol-water solutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
September 2025
Department of Materials - Faculty of Engineering, Imperial, London, United Kingdom.
Polymer brushes can form protective barriers on surfaces, reducing fouling and adsorption of foreign entities. Predicting how the properties of such surfaces depend on physical brush parameters has technological implications for the applications of these coatings. However, most theoretical models require in-depth knowledge or advanced mathematical and computational skills, which prevents their broad use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Steidle Building, 80 Pollock Road, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
Scavenger endothelial cells (SECs) lining the liver sinusoids play a critical role in the rapid blood clearance of nanoparticle (NP)-based drug-delivery systems. However, how these cells recognize synthetic materials is largely unknown, which hampers the establishment of NP design criteria for prolonging their blood circulation time upon systemic administration. This study investigates how the surface-grafted chain conformation on the NPs affects their uptake by SECs.
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