Evaluation of the presence of sarcopenia and the relationship with disease activity in fibromyalgia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of sarcopenia in fibromyalgia and whether there is any relationship between physical performance, disease activity, pain levels, and the existence of sarcopenia.

Method: Fifty female patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) based on the classification criteria of the 2016 American College of Rheumatology and 50 healthy controls were admitted. Disease activity was evaluated with the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and pain level was evaluated with the Numerical Rating Scale. Sarcopenia was screened by the SARC-F questionnaire and the presence of sarcopenia was evaluated according to ISarcoPRM criteria. Furthermore, right-hand grip strength was evaluated with a dynamometer. Ultrasound was used to measure the anterior thigh muscle thickness on the quadriceps femoris.

Results: SARF-C scores were significantly higher in patients with FMS (p < 0.001). The presence of sarcopenia was found as 20 (40%) in FMS patients and 6 (12%) in healthy controls (p < 0.001). Right-hand grip strength was significantly different in patients with FMS (p = 0.007). Right anterior thigh muscle thickness was similar in the two groups (p = 0.875). A positive correlation was observed between FIQ score and SARF-C score in FMS patients with sarcopenia (r = 0.708, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Sarcopenia was thought of as a common problem in patients with FMS. Evaluating sarcopenia in patients with FMS could enhance the effectiveness of FMS treatment.