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Water reservoirs are facing increasing prevalence of microcontaminants originating from agricultural runoff, industrial effluents, and domestic wastewater. The persistence of microcontaminants leads to disruptions in aquatic ecosystems and poses potential long-term health risks to humans, even at minimal concentrations. However, traditional wastewater treatment methods are inefficient to eliminate the microcontaminants because of their intricate chemical structures and low concentration. In this regard, nano-adsorption employing nanomaterials as adsorbents presents a viable alternative, offering enhanced efficiency and specificity towards the removal of microcontaminants. Amongst all, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene oxide (GO), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), MXenes, and boron nitrides (BNs), exhibit distinctive characteristics such as a high surface area, remarkable chemical stability, and tendency of diverse surface functionalization, rendering them particularly effective in adsorbing pollutants from water. Therefore, the present review provides an exhaustive literature and comparative analysis of the aforementioned 2D nanomaterials-based adsorbents concerning their efficacy in adsorbing microcontaminants of pharmaceuticals and personal care products origin such as antibiotics, steroids, bisphenols, phthalates, parabens, and benzophenones. The different aspects of 2D adsorbents including adsorption capacity, mechanisms involved, kinetic and isotherm models followed for removal of a variety of microcontaminants have been congregated. Also, the information on recyclability, reusability, and stability of the adsorbents has been summarized to highlight their viability. Further, the limitations and future aspects related to the use of 2D nanomaterials-based adsorbents towards pollutant removal have been discussed. Overall, 2D nanomaterials holds great promise as efficient adsorbents for environmental remediation and can also be explored for industrial adsorption applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2025.103441 | DOI Listing |
Water Res
August 2025
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China. Electronic address:
Due to the limited effectiveness of electrodialysis (ED) in removing organic micro-contaminants, various carbon-based adsorption materials can be utilized to enhance the overall removal performance. Integrating adsorption materials into the ED process may improve removal efficiency and material utilization under the influence of electric field. In this study, uniformly sized activated carbon microspheres (ACMs) with bimodal pore structures were packed into the dilute compartment of an ED system to remove antibiotics while desalting brackish water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
September 2025
Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), Joint Centre University of Almeria-CIEMAT, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain; Chemical Engineering Department, University of Almería, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain. Electronic address:
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the use of iron-functionalized biochar (FeBC) as a catalyst for microcontaminant removal from municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) effluents by solar photo-Fenton in raceway pond reactors (RPRs). To this end, the structural characteristics of raw biochar (RBC) obtained from woodchips and FeBC were determined, and the adsorption and oxidation processes of acetamiprid (ACTM, 100 μg/L) were evaluated in 5-cm deep RPRs containing 500 g of RBC or FeBC (2.7 g/L of iron) supported in the channels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Sci (China)
September 2025
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a pervasive endocrine disruptor that enters the environment through anthropogenic activities, posing significant risks to ecosystems and human health. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are promising methods for the removal of organic microcontaminants in the environment. Biogenic manganese oxides (BMO) are reported as catalysts due to their transition metal nature, and are also readily generated by manganese-oxidizing microorganisms in the natural environment, and therefore their roles and effects in AOPs-based environmental remediation should be investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
July 2025
Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), joint centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, Almería 04120, Spain; Chemical Engineering Department, University of Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería 04120, Spain.
For the first time, in-depth phenomenological insights were investigated into the formation/degradation of chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) during the treatment of actual secondary effluents by the novel solar chlor-photo-Fenton (CPF) process for disinfection and organic microcontaminant removal. To this aim, the influence of solar irradiance and reagents involved in the process (ferric nitrilotriacetate, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium hypochlorite) was assessed at lab scale and further verified in raceway pond reactors operated in continuous flow in terms of DBP degradation, to guarantee the safety reuse of the treated water and thus the implementation on a larger scale. The results were highly encouraging, the concentrations of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) being negligible compared to legislative limits (30 and 60 μg/L; 26- and 3-fold lower for THMs and HAAs, respectively).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Colloid Interface Sci
June 2025
Department of Physics, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh 160012, India. Electronic address:
Water reservoirs are facing increasing prevalence of microcontaminants originating from agricultural runoff, industrial effluents, and domestic wastewater. The persistence of microcontaminants leads to disruptions in aquatic ecosystems and poses potential long-term health risks to humans, even at minimal concentrations. However, traditional wastewater treatment methods are inefficient to eliminate the microcontaminants because of their intricate chemical structures and low concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF