Validation of the ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Patient-Reported Outcomes Questionnaire in a Latin American Vasculitis Cohort.

Background/objectives: The aim of this work is to validate the ANCA-associated vasculitis patient-reported outcome (AAV-PRO) questionnaire in a Latin American (Peru) AAV cohort.

Methods: We included patients from the Almenara vasculitis cohort who had at least 1 visit between December 2022 and June 2024. Sociodemographic features, disease activity (Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score version 3 [BVASv3] score), damage (Vasculitis Damage Index [VDI] score), the AAV-PRO (Spanish version), and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) were obtained. The AAV-PRO includes 6 domains (organ-specific symptoms, systemic symptoms, treatment side effects, social and emotional impact, concerns about the future, and physical function); the score ranges from 0 to 100: the higher the value, the worse the health-related quality of life. Correlations between domains of the AAV-PRO and clinical and sociodemographic variables were evaluated using Spearman correlation.

Results: Eighty-two patients were included; 60 (73.2%) of them were female. Their age and disease duration were 55.3 (14.3) and 5.7 (5.2) years, respectively. The BVASv3 and the VDI scores were 6.1 (9.0) and 2.4 (1.7), respectively. Overall, every domain of the AAV-PRO correlated strongly and inversely with the global scores of the SF-36 (physical component summary and mental component summary) (all r < -0.4 and p < 0.001). Physical function, role physical, role emotional, and physical component summary correlated inversely with the BVASv3, whereas the organ-specific symptoms score correlated positively with the VDI.

Conclusions: The Spanish version of the AAV-PRO questionnaire correlated with the SF-36 in AAV patients from a Peruvian cohort. These findings may support the use of this instrument in other Latin American populations.