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Extreme light confinement in plasmonic nanosystems enables novel applications in photonics, sensor technology, energy harvesting, biology, and quantum information processing. Fullerenes represent an extreme case for nanoplasmonics: They are subnanometer carbon-based molecules showing high-energy and ultrabroad plasmon resonances; however, the fundamental mechanisms driving the plasmonic response and the corresponding collective electron dynamics are still elusive. Here, we uncover the dominant role of electron correlations in the dynamics of the giant plasmon resonance (GPR) of the subnanometer system C by using attosecond photoemission chronoscopy. We find a characteristic photoemission delay of up to about 300 attoseconds that is purely induced by coherent large-scale electron correlations in the plasmonic potential. These results provide insights into the nature of the plasmon resonances in subnanometer systems and open perspectives for advancing nanoplasmonic applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ads0494 | DOI Listing |
Nature
September 2025
Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Many chirality-sensitive light-matter interactions are governed by chiral electron dynamics. Therefore, the development of advanced technologies making use of chiral phenomena would critically benefit from measuring and controlling chiral electron dynamics on their natural attosecond timescales. Such endeavours have so far been hampered by the lack of characterized circularly polarized attosecond pulses, an obstacle that has recently been overcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltramicroscopy
September 2025
Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Regensburg Center for Ultrafast Nanoscopy (RUN), Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Ultrafast transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) has emerged as a versatile technique for the time-resolved imaging of nanoscale dynamics on timescales down to few-hundred attoseconds but the temporal and spatial resolutions are still limited by the coherence properties of pulsed electron sources. Here, we report the development of a novel laser-driven linear cold field electron emitter integrated in a state-of-the-art UTEM system. Tuning the emitter's workfunction via an applied extraction field and illuminating the sharp tungsten emitter tip with UV light pulses generates ultrashort femtosecond electron pulses of 220 fs pulse duration at 200 keV electron energy, with energy widths as low as 360 meV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
March 2025
Ultrafast Electron Microscopy Laboratory, MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Ultrafast transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) has gained wide applications in the nanoscale dynamics with femtosecond, even attosecond, resolution. The instrument development is still in progress to satisfy the various applications. At Nankai University, we built an UTEM with a laser-driven Schottky field emitter based on a field emission TEM (Talos200i) of Thermo Fisher Scientific.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
February 2025
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
Nat Commun
October 2024
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
Charge transfer between molecules lies at the heart of many chemical processes. Here, we focus on the ultrafast electron dynamics associated with the formation of charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) states following X-ray absorption in aqueous solutions of Na, Mg, and Al ions. To explore the formation of such states in the aqueous phase, liquid-jet photoemission spectroscopy is employed.
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