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Stainless steel felt has been employed in AEMWE as a combination of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts and porous transport layers, which are not only easy to prepare but also have excellent OER activity under alkaline conditions. However, by realizing detailed electrochemical analysis and multi-scale visualization of the bubble behaviors, it is found that the combined effect of chemical and electrochemical corrosion led to the constant accumulation of metal oxides on the stainless steel fiber surface post-durability compared to the slow-growing hydroxides after initial activation. Moreover, the rougher fiber surface morphology and weaken hydrophilicity cause the adjacent bubbles are slower to detach from the electrode and are more likely to fusion. The measured diameter of bubbles leaving the electrode almost doubles, while the total number of bubbles decreases by about two-thirds, causing the increase of plug flow in the flow field and deteriorating the performance and long-term stability of AEMWE.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202412962 | DOI Listing |
J Thorac Oncol
September 2025
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Emeritus Professor, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Introduction: Multifocal subsolid nodules (SSNs) are increasingly detected with widespread lung cancer screening and advanced thoracic imaging, representing a spectrum of multifocal lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs). When synchronous SSNs coexist with a surgically confirmed subsolid LUAD, their trajectories remain poorly understood, contributing to uncertainty regarding optimal management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course and impact of synchronous SSNs in such patients and to identify features associated with their progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlpine streams represent some of the most challenging yet ecologically valuable freshwater environments to study, due to their remoteness, fast flows and extreme climatic conditions. Traditional fish survey methods are often impractical or invasive in these habitats. This study presents a lightweight, low-cost, T-shaped remote underwater video (RUV) system optimized for fish monitoring in small, high-altitude streams of the European Alps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Biol
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) dramatically impacts the habitat use of many aquatic animals, particularly for air-breathing animals that rely on 'physical gills' for respiration while submerged. Invertebrates that use bubbles as physical gills directly uptake DO from the water for respiration. However, no vertebrate animals have yet been documented using physical gills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Hydro Science and Engineering, and Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. Electronic address:
Hypothesis: On highly cleaned planar surfaces submerged in highly cleaned water, flat surface nanobubbles with an angle of attachment of ∼15 are observed - never on engineering surfaces submerged in plain water, though here unidentified cavitation nuclei are always present and cause low tensile strength.
Experiments: In the present study, surface nanobubbles are generated by standard experimental techniques on a polished steel surface, and we find that the shape and the angles of attachment of the bubbles are influenced by the local substrate topography. These observations align with the theory of non-adsorbed liquid zones, which explains a surface nanobubble as a bubble with a skin of contamination molecules, which bond along the bubble rim at a contact angle of ∼14.
Chem Rec
September 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, M. P., 462066, India.
Flow fields (FFs) play multifaceted roles in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) by facilitating the transport and distribution of species, removal of products, support to the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), electrical conductivity, water, and thermal management. Therefore, the performance of DMFC is directly related to the pattern and geometry of the FF. DMFCs can generate power density of up to ≈100-300 mW cm; however, their performance is impeded by cathode flooding, CO gas bubbles formation, and mass transfer limitations.
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