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Antigen array increases B cell receptor (BCR) triggering and the titer of antibodies elicited by subunit vaccines. Here, we present a protocol for multivalent antigen display by synthetic virosomes: preformed liposomes bearing glycoprotein spike proteins from enveloped viruses. We describe how to customize lipid stoichiometry within preformed liposomes and attach user-defined antigens via covalent and/or non-covalent interactions. In addition to generating vaccine research tools, this protocol demonstrates how two-dimensional membrane array resolves and activates exceptionally weak but critical virus-receptor interactions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2025.103610 | DOI Listing |
Nanoparticles (NPs) can be engineered to achieve targeted delivery with strategies based on surface modifications. These include layer-by-layer (LbL) NPs, modular electrostatically assembled carriers with tunable surface properties altered by changes to the outer polyion layer. Variations in these polymers dictate intracellular trafficking and biodistribution patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep Methods
June 2025
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:
This paper reports an effective protocol to encapsulate native protein/DNA complexes into unilamellar vesicles composed of natural lipids without the use of organic solvents, in physiological buffers, and at low protein/DNA concentrations. DNA compaction is achieved with the human mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), which forms complexes (TFAMoplexes) when mixed with plasmid DNA (pDNA). The complexes are recruited to the surface of preformed giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) with the help of human annexin A4 and thereby concentrated at the membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Biopharm
August 2025
School of Pharmacy - Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Indocyanine green (ICG) J-aggregate (IJA) is a self-assembled ICG with a red-shift absorption band, enabling better tissue penetration than the monomeric ICG. Despite its superior photoacoustic imaging capabilities and heating stability to ICG, IJA suffers from low optical stability in aqueous and biological media, jeopardising its biomedical applications. The present work focused on loading p-IJA into liposomes to enhance its promising therapeutic and imaging applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Nanomedicine
April 2025
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras, 26504, Greece.
Introduction: Liposomal antibiotics have demonstrated higher bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities than free drugs. In this study, we investigated the effects of cholesterol (Chol) content of liposomes, liposome concentration, and surface coating with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the antimicrobial activity of moxifloxacin (MOX) liposomes against (ATCC 35984) ().
Methods: MOX-liposome compositions with increasing Chol content were evaluated for their susceptibility to planktonic (growth inhibition, killing, and live-dead staining), as well as against pre-formed biofilms (crystal violet, MTT assay, and confocal microscopy).
Nano Lett
April 2025
Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai city, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.
Lipid nanoparticles with encapsulated mRNA (mRNA-LNPs) have become key modalities for personalized medicines and RNA vaccines. Once the platform technology is established, the mRNA-LNPs could be applicable to a variety of protein-based therapeutic strategies. A post-encapsulation method, in which the mRNA solution is incubated with preformed mRNA-free LNPs to prepare the mRNA-LNPs, would accelerate the development of RNA-based therapeutics since even nonexperts could manufacture the mRNA-LNPs.
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