Article Synopsis
- Conducted a genome-wide association study involving over 668,000 individuals of European descent to explore how genetics relates to income and socio-economic status.
- Identified 162 genetic loci associated with income, with a polygenic index explaining only 1-5% of income variance and showing stronger connections to mental health issues than physical health.
- Revealed that the genetic correlation between income and educational attainment is significant, with implications for understanding the dual impacts on health risks and behaviors.
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Article Abstract
We conducted a genome-wide association study on income among individuals of European descent (N = 668,288) to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status and health disparities. We identified 162 genomic loci associated with a common genetic factor underlying various income measures, all with small effect sizes (the Income Factor). Our polygenic index captures 1-5% of income variance, with only one fourth due to direct genetic effects. A phenome-wide association study using this index showed reduced risks for diseases including hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression, asthma and back pain. The Income Factor had a substantial genetic correlation (0.92, s.e. = 0.006) with educational attainment. Accounting for the genetic overlap of educational attainment with income revealed that the remaining genetic signal was linked to better mental health but reduced physical health and increased risky behaviours such as drinking and smoking. These findings highlight the complex genetic influences on income and health.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018258 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02080-7 | DOI Listing |
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