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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has highlighted the critical need for safe and effective vaccines. In this study, subunit nanovaccine formulations were developed using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles composed of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL). Two surfactants, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium cholate (SC), were evaluated during formulation via a modified water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion-solvent evaporation method.

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Tadalafil (TDLF), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drug, exhibits poor aqueous solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism, which limits its therapeutic efficacy. We developed Phosal-based transethosomes (TrEthOs) to overcome these challenges, thereby enhancing transdermal delivery. A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the formulation by evaluating the effects of Phosal type, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 concentration, and cholesterol content.

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Study Question: Can personal lubricants effectively deliver the sperm-agglutinating Human Contraception Antibody (HCA) to achieve on-demand male contraception?

Summary Answer: This study demonstrates that several water-based lubricants can effectively deliver bioactive HCA, and that a dimethicone-containing silicone lubricant can be modified into a stable emulsion suitable for antibody delivery.

What Is Known Already: The HCA-based vaginal film ZB-06 was shown to be safe and effective in a Phase I clinical trial for female contraception. Male contraceptive options remain limited.

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Preparation of Surface-Porous PS Films with a Submicron-Scale Pore Size from a PS/PEG-THF Ternary Mixture Based on Ultrasonic Dispersion.

Langmuir

September 2025

College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.

A ternary polymer-solvent mixture has already been proposed to prepare surface porous films. However, the uncertainty of the formation mechanism of surface porous films and the multitude of influencing factors with unclear priorities lead to the failure to promote this method. Here, a surface-porous polystyrene (PS) film with a pore size of 0.

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Delivery of monoclonal antibodies to the brain: the impact of nanocarrier structure.

Drug Deliv Transl Res

September 2025

Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are promising therapeutic agents for neurological disorders due to their high specificity. However, their clinical application is significantly hindered by their poor transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and their limited diffusion within the brain parenchyma. While significant efforts have been oriented to tackle the first barrier, the challenge of efficient brain diffusion remains largely underexplored.

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