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Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) of the breast is a rare histological subtype of breast cancer, which usually has a low propensity for metastasis and is associated with a good prognosis. AdCC metastasis to the kidney is rare, with only 29 cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a woman in her 60s with multiple right-sided large cystic-solid renal lesions after a recent diagnosis of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. The patient previously had T1c N0 breast AdCC, treated with curative intent surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy 10 years prior. She underwent a radical nephrectomy, and histology was confirmed asmetastatic classic AdCC, consistent with the spread from previous AdCC breast cancer. Although she was in remission for 10 years, it is imperative to distinguish between breast AdCC metastasis and primary cystic renal cell carcinoma to be able to formulate an optimal management strategy for these tumours.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2024-262550 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Treat Rev
August 2025
Department of Hematology and Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, PR China. Electronic address:
The use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment of breast cancer. ADCs deliver cytotoxic payloads to tumor cells via antigen-targeted monoclonal antibodies, triggering direct cytotoxicity and immunomodulatory effects such as immunogenic cell death (ICD), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and dendritic cell activation. Preclinical and clinical studies highlight the synergistic effect of combining ADCs with ICIs: ADCs enhance tumor immunogenicity by releasing neoantigens, while ICIs reinvigorate T-cell-mediated antitumor responses by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA-4 pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, POSTECH-CATHOLIC Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
Natural killer (NK) cells exert potent cytotoxic effects by releasing perforin, granzyme B, and immune-boosting cytokines upon recognition of antibody-coated targets. However, the heterogeneous expression of tumor antigens poses a major limitation to NK-mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). To overcome this challenge, we developed a Universal Antibody (Univody), a recombinant fusion protein that enables an antigen-independent presentation of Fc fragments on the surface of cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMAbs
December 2025
Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning models have been developed to engineer antibodies for specific recognition of antigens. These approaches, however, often focus on the antibody complementarity-determining region (CDR) whilst ignoring the immunoglobulin framework (FW), which provides structural rigidity and support for the flexible CDR loops. Here we present an integrated computational-experimental workflow, combining static structure analyses, molecular dynamics simulations and physicochemical and functional assays to generate rational designs of FW mutations for modulating antibody stability and activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
June 2025
Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
The resistance of breast cancer cells to therapeutic antibodies such as anti-HER2 trastuzumab can be overcome by engaging natural killer (NK) cells for killing antibody-binding tumor cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Here, we investigated how autophagy modulation affects trastuzumab-mediated ADCC in HER2-positive JIMT1 breast cancer cells and NK cells. Autophagy inducers (rapamycin and resveratrol) had no significant impact, but the inhibitor bafilomycin nearly abolished ADCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
July 2025
Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (HCSC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Administration of PARP inhibitors against breast and ovarian cancers with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations has shown clinical benefits in patients. However, these agents are also toxic and have a narrow therapeutic index. In this work, we aimed to identify membrane proteins that are specifically upregulated in these cancers.
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