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The growing use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sphere allows for a greater degree of disseminating information worldwide. For patients, there is a growing body of literature exploring how the generative artificial intelligence models can be used in improving the health literacy of patients, especially in cases of acute pulmonary embolism, where patients require deep, concise understanding of there disease and management. This study measured the readability of the generative responses created by publicly available AI models, and found that ChatGPT, Google Gemini, and Microsoft CoPilot do not currently meet the United States readability recommendations. Given the growing use of these models, future investigation on the longitudinal readability measures may help profile how these generative AI models adapt in their deep learning processes.
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Acta Neurochir (Wien)
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: Recent studies suggest that large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are useful tools for medical students or residents when preparing for examinations. These studies, especially those conducted with multiple-choice questions, emphasize that the level of knowledge and response consistency of the LLMs are generally acceptable; however, further optimization is needed in areas such as case discussion, interpretation, and language proficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of six distinct LLMs for Turkish and English neurosurgery multiple-choice questions and assess their accuracy and consistency in a specialized medical context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiology
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, 10 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115.
Despite the rapid growth of Food and Drug Administration-cleared artificial intelligence (AI)- and machine learning-enabled medical devices for use in radiology, current tools remain limited in scope, often focusing on narrow tasks and lacking the ability to comprehensively assist radiologists. These narrow AI solutions face limitations in financial sustainability, operational efficiency, and clinical utility, hindering widespread adoption and constraining their long-term value in radiology practice. Recent advances in generative and multimodal AI have expanded the scope of image interpretation, prompting discussions on the development of generalist medical AI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
September 2025
School of Software, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, Shandong, China.
Spatial transcriptomics (ST) reveals gene expression distributions within tissues. Yet, predicting spatial gene expression from histological images still faces the challenges of limited ST data that lack prior knowledge, and insufficient capturing of inter-slice heterogeneity and intra-slice complexity. To tackle these challenges, we introduce FmH2ST, a foundation model-based method for spatial gene expression prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
September 2025
Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Membrane receptor recognition is a specific biotargeting strategy for disease diagnosis and treatment, but it suffers from insufficient receptor expression levels. Hydrophobic interaction-based membrane anchoring strategy allows high anchoring density, but it lacks specificity. In this study, we present a DNA nanocage-based artificial receptor generator (DNARG) that combines the advantages of high specificity of receptor recognition and high density of hydrophobic membrane anchoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Refract Surg
September 2025
Purpose: To evaluate tilt, decentration, and axial stability of the Clareon toric intraocular lens (TIOL) (CNW0T3-9; Alcon Laboratories, Inc) over a 6-month follow-up period.
Methods: A single-center, prospective, interventional clinical trial was conducted with a study population of 130 eyes from 82 patients who received a Clareon TIOL. Tilt, decentration, and the aqueous depth were determined preoperatively and at 1 week and 6 months postoperatively using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Casia 2; Tomey Corporation).