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The immune system is a key player in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. While brain resident immune cell-mediated neuroinflammation and peripheral immune cell (eg, T cell) infiltration into the brain have been shown to significantly contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, the nature and extent of immune responses in the brain in the context of AD and related dementias (ADRD) remain unclear. Furthermore, the roles of the peripheral immune system in driving ADRD pathology remain incompletely elucidated. In March of 2023, the Alzheimer's Association convened the Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC), Advancements: Immunity, to discuss the roles of the immune system in ADRD. A wide range of topics were discussed, such as animal models that replicate human pathology, immune-related biomarkers and clinical trials, and lessons from other fields describing immune responses in neurodegeneration. This manuscript presents highlights from the conference and outlines avenues for future research on the roles of immunity in neurodegenerative disorders. HIGHLIGHTS: The immune system plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The immune system exerts numerous effects throughout the brain on amyloid-beta, tau, and other pathways. The 2023 AAIC, Advancements: Immunity, encouraged discussions and collaborations on understanding the role of the immune system.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/alz.14291 | DOI Listing |
Lipids Health Dis
September 2025
The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
Background: The CRP-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index has potential clinical value as a novel marker integrating inflammatory, nutritional and immune status in the development of colorectal polyps. This study examined whether gender factors influence the association between CALLY and colorectal polyps; in addition to elucidating whether metabolic pathways mediate this relationship.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 5409 adult health screening participants who completed colonoscopy.
Nat Aging
September 2025
Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC), Beijing, China.
The global surge in the population of people 60 years and older, including that in China, challenges healthcare systems with rising age-related diseases. To address this demographic change, the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) has launched the X-Age Project to develop a comprehensive aging evaluation system tailored to the Chinese population. Our goal is to identify robust biomarkers and construct composite aging clocks that capture biological age, defined as an individual's physiological and molecular state, across diverse Chinese cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Cancer
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Neurotoxicity is a common and potentially severe adverse effect from conventional and novel cancer therapy. The mechanisms that underlie clinical symptoms of central and peripheral nervous system injury remain incompletely understood. For conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiotherapy, direct toxicities to brain structures and neurovascular damage may result in myelin degradation and impaired neurogenesis, which eventually translates into delayed neurodegeneration accompanied by cognitive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Death Differ
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammatory demyelination and progressive neurodegeneration. Although current disease-modifying therapies modulate peripheral autoimmune responses, they are insufficient to fully prevent tissue specific neuroinflammation and long-term neuronal and oligodendrocyte loss. Growing evidence implicates various regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, not only as downstream consequences of chronic inflammation, but also as active drivers of demyelination, axonal injury, and glial dysfunction in MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO Rep
September 2025
Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, Berlin, D-10117, Germany.
The sensing of Gram-negative Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) by the innate immune system has been extensively studied in the past decade. In contrast, recognition of Gram-positive EVs by innate immune cells remains poorly understood. Comparative genome-wide transcriptional analysis in human monocytes uncovered that S.
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