Association of interleukin 4 and MTHFR gene polymorphisms with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy in young diabetics.

Background:  It is believed that genetic factors play a role in the development and severity of neural injury among people with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP), because some genes are involved in specific biological pathways, acting in different ways in the pathogenic process.

Objective:  To identify potential associations involving the ( C677T) and ( intron 3 variable number of tandem repeats [I3VNTR]) gene polymorphisms and DSP in the studied sample.

Methods:  In total, 70 children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes underwent a nerve conduction studie (NCS) of the sural nerve. Saliva samples were collected for DNA extraction and genotyping of the C677T and I3VNTR polymorphisms.

Results:  The prevalence of DSP was 15.71%. The participants with DSP presented higher mean levels of glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ( > 0.05). The NCS amplitudes were lower in individuals with DSP ( = 0.00). The mean conduction velocity was lower in people with the genotype ( = 0.02). Maternal and paternal history of diabetes in great-grandparents were associated with DSP ( = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Glycated hemoglobin and impaired Achilles reflex were associated with the genotype ( = 0.04 and 0.05 respectively) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was associated with the genotype ( = 0.05). We found no association between the polymorphisms investigated and DSP.

Conclusion:  In the present study, we found no association involving the C677T and I3VNTR polymorphisms and DSP. However, the study provides other associations and suggests possible implications for these findings.