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Background And Purpose: Aromatherapy, a non-pharmacological intervention involving essential oils, has been suggested as a complementary therapy for perioperative discomfort. This study seeks to systematically examine the efficacy of aromatherapy in alleviating pain and other discomforts in mothers undergoing cesarean sections.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase was conducted from inception to September 2024. Inclusion criteria involved mothers undergoing cesarean section, aromatherapy as an intervention, and outcomes such as pain, anxiety, nausea and vomiting. Subgroup analyses explored the effects of distinct control groups, essential oil, dosage, number of sessions, and session length of aroma preparations. Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3, with heterogeneity assessed using the Q test and I statistic.
Results: Seventeen studies involving 1490 participants were included. Aromatherapy significantly reduced post-cesarean pain (SMD = -1.19, 95 % CI [-1.93, -0.45], p = 0.002). Chamomile oil, low dosage (≤2 drops), single session and sessions lasting 20 min or less were more effective in relieving pain. Aromatherapy significantly decreased nausea incidence (RR = 0.52, 95 % CI [0.33, 0.81], p = 0.004), reduced analgesic requirements (RR = 0.60, 95 % CI [0.49, 0.73], p < 0.00001), and improved patient satisfaction (RR = 1.64, 95 % CI [1.26, 2.12], p = 0.0002).
Conclusion: Aromatherapy effectively reduces post-cesarean pain, nausea, analgesic use, and improves patient satisfaction. Chamomile oil, low doses (≤2 drops), single session and short length (≤20 min) seems to be the most effective method for alleviating post-cesarean pain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101935 | DOI Listing |
Reprod Biomed Online
May 2025
Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Research Question: What is the composition of bacterial communities at various genital sites and are there potential interactions between partners' microbiota?
Design: This observational study involved metagenomic analyses of samples collected from male and female partners of couples undergoing fertility treatment. Samples included vaginal and penile swabs, as well as follicular fluid and semen, which were analysed using next-generation sequencing.
Results: The bacterial community profiles of different genital tract niches were distinct, niche-specific compositions, with female samples predominantly featuring Lactobacillus species and male samples displaying greater microbial diversity, including genital-specific and skin-associated taxa.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), defined as cells that can engraft an adult when transplanted, mature from precursors (pre-HSCs) that differentiate from hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) in the embryo. Many signaling pathways required to generate the first hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the embryo are well-characterized, but how HSCs mature from pre-HSCs is poorly understood. Here we show that "mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7" (SMAD7), a negative regulator of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, is required for pre-HSC to HSC maturation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Surg
August 2025
Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Background: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is an obstetric condition. This study analyzes the outcomes of PAS parturients and their newborns undergoing emergency cesarean sections as opposed to planned cesarean sections.
Methods: In this research, we conduct a thorough retrospective analysis of 345 patients with placenta accreta at a single medical center.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030.
Coopetition is a term from game theory that describes a mix of cooperative and competitive behavior. The maternal-fetal interface (MFI) among eutherian mammals presents close interaction of two distinct individuals. These interactions have resulted in a remarkable diversity in MFI structure, often interpreted as the outcome of maternal-fetal conflict.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Paediatr Child Health
September 2025
Endocrinology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Introduction: Neonatal glucose regulation undergoes a rapid transition after birth, with glucose levels declining within the first few hours before stabilising. At-risk neonates, including those who are preterm, small-for-gestational-age (SGA), large-for-gestational-age (LGA), or born to mothers with diabetes or obesity, face an increased risk of hypoglycaemia. Early feeding is recommended to support glucose homeostasis, yet the impact of feeding type on glucose trends and hypoglycaemia risk remains unclear.
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