Lectin Receptors in Primary and Metastatic Cancer Cells.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to detect the distribution of different lectin receptors in primary cancer cells as well as in the case of metastasis, as these biomolecules can potentially predict cancer development in certain tissues and systems.

Methods: To detect lectin receptors in tumors, the authors used conjugates of lectins purified by affinity chromatography with peroxidase, and studied their localization in paraffin sections of 12 cases of primary cancer and 33 of its metastases.

Result: In primary cancers and their metastases, there is a distinct mosaicity in the histotopography of individual lectins, especially peanut and soybean lectin. Mosaicity increases in metastases, which corresponds to the increase in malignancy of tumour cells. Detected cases of metastases with a decrease in mosaicity may be a sign of their monoclonality or a decrease in their malignancy. The study of lectins in the cells of cancer metastases and their comparison with the primary tumour and with each other suggests that in metastases, as a rule, not only signs of malignancy increase, but also the ability of cells to adhere and migrate. Thus, in the process of tumour growth and metastasis, there is a selection of clones of cells that are more prone to the development of new metastases.

Conclusions: It has been revealed that the growth of a primary immature tumour from the epithelium and its metastases is accompanied by sialylation of the surface of tumour cells, which leads to the fact that tumour cells are not recognized by the system of mononuclear phagocytes and this, naturally, contributes to the progression of tumour growth.