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A transdermal drug delivery cream, which is non-invasive and painless, containing a liposome-encapsulated Ru(II) complex (LipoRu) is created for the treatment of skin cancer. This formulation capitalizes on the synergistic antitumor effects of two-photon excited photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemotherapy. LipoRu exhibits effective tumor accumulation, efficient cellular uptake, pH-sensitive and infrared-accelerated release, and dual localization to the nucleus and mitochondria. The released Ru(II) complexes within cells exert multiple antitumor mechanisms, such as DNA topoisomerase and RNA polymerase inhibition, Type I and II PDT, PTT, DNA photodamage, and apoptosis and ferroptosis induction. The biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy of LipoRu in vivo are systematically compared via three distinct administration routes: intratumoral injection, intravenous injection, and transdermal delivery through topical cream application. The positive therapeutic effects of the LipoRu cream fabricated here in subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice offer optimistic potential for the painless and non-invasive treatment of both early-stage and advanced skin cancers, as well as superficially located solid tumors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202403563 | DOI Listing |
Medicine (Baltimore)
August 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
Rationale: Immune-related adverse events have been frequently reported using immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, these reports are commonly observed in single-organ toxicity. Thus, the compound, multiple, multisite, and multi-organ toxicities are seldom recognized and lack treatment experience, finally leading to severe challenges in the clinical treatment of such patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
August 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria.
In the preceding and early stages of cancer progression, local drug delivery to pre-cancerous and cancerous skin lesions may be applied as an alternative or supplementary therapy. At present, 5-Fluorouracil, imiquimod, and tirbanibulin creams and ointments have established their place in practice, while several other active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethnopharmacol
July 2025
Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Longan Arillus (LA) is the aril of Dimocarpus longan Lour. of the Sapindaceae family, commonly known as Guiyuan, whose first documentation can be traced back to the ancient book "Shen Nong's herbal classic". Since ancient times, LA has been commonly used in combination with other herbs or ingredients to make a variety of formulas and medicinal products, which were used to treat diseases such as insomnia, forgetfulness, neurasthenia, overthinking, fatigue, and deficiency of qi and blood, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Med
May 2025
Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan.
Purpose: Imiquimod (IQM), an imidazoquinoline derivative, is an immunomodulator that activates an adaptive immune response. IQM is applied topically for genital warts and actinic keratosis. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) suppresses activated T cells by binding to programmed cell death-ligand 1 and programmed cell death-ligand 2, braking antitumor immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, East Outer Ring Road, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
A transdermal drug delivery cream, which is non-invasive and painless, containing a liposome-encapsulated Ru(II) complex (LipoRu) is created for the treatment of skin cancer. This formulation capitalizes on the synergistic antitumor effects of two-photon excited photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemotherapy. LipoRu exhibits effective tumor accumulation, efficient cellular uptake, pH-sensitive and infrared-accelerated release, and dual localization to the nucleus and mitochondria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF