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Understanding the reciprocal interaction between root development and coadapted beneficial microbes in response to elevated CO (eCO) will facilitate the identification of nutrient-efficient cultivars for sustainable agriculture. Here, systematic morphological, anatomical, chemical and gene expression assays performed under low-nitrogen conditions revealed that eCO drove the development of the endodermal barrier with respect to L-/S-shaped lateral roots (LRs) in rice. Next, we applied metabolome and endodermal-cell-specific RNA sequencing and showed that rice adapts to eCO by spatially recruiting diazotrophs via flavonoid secretion in L-shaped LRs. Using the rice Casparian strip mutant Oscasp1-1, we confirmed that reduced lignin deposition selectively recruits the diazotrophic family of Oxalobacteraceae to confer tolerance to low nitrogen availability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.15259 | DOI Listing |
BMC Oral Health
September 2025
Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of a customized deep learning model based on CNN and U-Net for detecting and segmenting the second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) of maxillary first molar teeth on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.
Methodology: CBCT scans of 37 patients were imported into 3D slicer software to crop and segment the canals of the mesiobuccal (MB) root of the maxillary first molar. The annotated data were divided into two groups: 80% for training and validation and 20% for testing.
Genome Biol
September 2025
Department of Biology, Plant-Microbe Interactions, Science for Life, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.
Background: Plant roots release root exudates to attract microbes that form root communities, which in turn promote plant health and growth. Root community assembly arises from millions of interactions between microbes and the plant, leading to robust and stable microbial networks. To manage the complexity of natural root microbiomes for research purposes, scientists have developed reductionist approaches using synthetic microbial inocula (SynComs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Sci
September 2025
Fermentation and Phytofarming Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India. Electronic address:
Auxin, one of the earliest recognized and extensively investigated phytohormones, is crucial in plant growth and survival in adverse environmental conditions. Two gene families primarily regulate auxin signaling: auxin response factors (ARFs) and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA). Aux/IAA family proteins are recognized as essential elements of the nuclear auxin signaling system, inhibiting gene transcription in their presence and facilitating gene activation upon their degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiofabrication
September 2025
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Prague, Prague, 162 06, CZECH REPUBLIC.
Extensive peripheral nerve injuries often lead to the loss of neurological function due to slow regeneration and limited recovery over large gaps. Current clinical interventions, such as nerve guidance conduits (NGCs), face challenges in creating biomimetic microenvironments that effectively support nerve repair. The developed GrooveNeuroTube is composed of hyaluronic acid methacrylate and gelatin methacrylate hydrogel, incorporating active agents (growth factors and antibacterial agents) encapsulated within an NGC conduit made of 3D-printed PCL grid fibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
September 2025
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research In
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of arsenic species [As(III)/As(V)] and cadmium [Cd(II)] on nitrification and nitrogen fixation in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivation, and to identify nitrogen cycle disruption mechanisms in realistic soil environments with a focus on soil-metal-plant-microbe interactions. We examined heavy metal(loid)s uptake in plant tissues, changes in nitrogen species in porewater, nitrogenase activity, the contents of essential trace metals (Mo and Fe) in nitrogenase, and nitrogen-related microbial communities.
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