98%
921
2 minutes
20
The amount of ocean protected from fishing and other human impacts has often been used as a metric of conservation progress. However, protection efforts have highly variable outcomes that depend on local conditions, which makes it difficult to quantify what coral reef protection efforts to date have actually achieved at a global scale. Here, we develop a predictive model of how local conditions influence conservation outcomes on ~2,600 coral reef sites across 44 ecoregions, which we used to quantify how much more fish biomass there is on coral reefs compared to a modeled scenario with no protection. Under the assumptions of our model, our study reveals that without existing protection efforts there would be ~10% less fish biomass on coral reefs. Thus, we estimate that coral reef protection efforts have led to approximately 1 in every 10 kg of existing fish biomass.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11494344 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2308605121 | DOI Listing |
J Infect Public Health
August 2025
Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK. Electronic address:
Nipah virus (NiV) has emerged as a significant public health threat, with recurring outbreaks in Bangladesh often linked to the consumption of raw date palm sap contaminated by fruit bats (Pteropus species). Over the past two decades, substantial efforts have been made to understand the cultural context of sap consumption, promoting behavior change and developing interventions to prevent NiV spillover. Despite these efforts, achieving sustainable change in sap consumption practices remains challenging due to deep-seated cultural practices, community perceptions of sap consumption, habitual behaviors, limited awareness of health risks and economic barriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza vaccination coverage assessments by race and ethnicity can identify populations less protected from influenza morbidity and mortality and help focus vaccination efforts. Across eight Vaccine Safety Datalink health systems, we identified influenza vaccines administered from August 1 through March 31 each season from 2017 to 18 through 2022-23 using electronic health records linked to immunization registries. We calculated crude vaccination coverage for each season among people in five age groups (6 months-8 years, 9-17, 18-49, 50-64, and ≥ 65 years) by self-reported race and ethnicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
September 2025
Department of Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, MOE and State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) exhibits excellent lubrication capacity rooted in its layered structure, but it suffers significant structural and functional deterioration due to oxidation in ambient environments, limiting its applications. Concerted efforts are focused on enhancing the antioxidation ability of MoS, but challenges remain. This work conceptualizes and demonstrates a contrarian design of MoS-based film via metal incorporation and oxidation based on consideration of key fundamental principles of thermodynamics, chemistry, and physical mechanics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Med
September 2025
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
Background: Limited mpox vaccination coverage, declining cross-protection from historical smallpox vaccination campaigns, and persistent zoonotic reservoirs leave many sub-Saharan countries susceptible to mpox outbreaks. With millions of vaccine doses made available to the region since late 2024 and the absence of country-specific guidelines for allocation, estimating the country-specific impact of one-time mass vaccination strategies is necessary for ongoing outbreaks and other countries at future risk.
Methods And Findings: We adapted a next generation matrix model to project disease transmission potential for 47 sub-Saharan countries from 2025 to 2050 under four transmission scenarios with different contributions of community versus sexual contacts.
J Emerg Manag
September 2025
University of Houston, Houston, Texas. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-1427.
In 2020, emergency operations resources in the United States began responding to the presence of coronavirus disease 2019 and its variants. Mitigation efforts to control the spread of the coronavirus by these organizations included vaccination, increased sanitation, social distancing, and physical barriers such as masks and shields. Due to the nature of the coronavirus and emergency operations requirements, these approaches have proven not be 100 percent effective in fully meeting those needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF