98%
921
2 minutes
20
Unravelling the complexities of transpiration can be assisted by understanding the oxygen isotope composition of transpired water vapour (δE). It is often assumed that δE is at steady state, thereby mirroring the oxygen isotope composition of source water (δsource), but this assumption has never been tested at the whole-tree scale. This study utilized the unique infrastructure of 12 whole-tree chambers enclosing Eucalyptus parramattensis E.C.Hall trees to measure δE along with concurrent temperature and gas exchange data. Six chambers tracked ambient air temperature and six were exposed to an ambient +3 °C warming treatment. Day time means for δE were within 1.2‰ of δsource (-3.3‰) but varied considerably throughout the day. Our observations show that E. parramattensis trees are seldom transpiring at isotopic steady state over a diel period, but transpiration approaches source water isotopic composition over longer time periods.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555434 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpae125 | DOI Listing |
Adv Ther
September 2025
Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D LLC, West Chester, PA, USA.
Introduction: Pharmacokinetic differences between long-acting injectable antipsychotic (LAI) formulations, combined with a lack of clinical switch studies, contribute to clinician uncertainty when transitioning between LAIs. This analysis employed a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) modeling approach to characterize dosing conversions and switching strategies from intramuscular paliperidone palmitate once monthly (PP1m) to TV-46000, a long-acting subcutaneous formulation of risperidone, once monthly (q1m), with a secondary analysis of PP1m to TV-46000 every 2 months (q2m).
Methods: For PP1m and TV-46000, concentration-time profiles for paliperidone and TV-46000 total active moiety (TAM; risperidone + paliperidone) were simulated on the basis of published popPK models with virtual populations of 5000 patients.
AIDS Behav
September 2025
College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
In the U.S., HIV diagnoses have remained steady over the past decade - despite the availability of condoms and pre-exposure prophylaxis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Numer Method Biomed Eng
September 2025
Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
The effect of shape and size of embolic agents on embolization phenomena has been discussed clinically for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We numerically discussed the unique embolization behavior of new deformable toroidal microparticles in blood vessels by computational fluid dynamics simulations. We employed an Eulerian-Eulerian (full Eulerian) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method to analyze the flow and deformation behaviors of a deformable torus in a cylindrical pipe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm X
December 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwada, Punjab, India.
The study explored HSPiP and QbD-(quality by design) enabled optimized cubosomes for sustained drug release, improved permeation, and enhanced oral bioavailability. OCUB1 (the optimized product) was characterized for size, zeta potential (ZP), thermal analysis, and surface roughness. drug release and hemolysis studies were carried out using a dialysis membrane and rat erythrocytes (4 % suspension), respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Hypertens
September 2025
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York NY.
Background: Blood pressure (BP) is not steady. It varies over intervals from months to consecutive cardiac cycles and this variation contains meaningful information beyond mean BP. Variability over multiple clinic visits (VVV-BP) and during 24-hour ambulatory monitoring (ABPV) is positively related to risk of stroke and coronary artery disease and negatively associated with cognitive performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF