Article Synopsis
- Separation processes become more challenging when the species to be separated is at low concentrations, requiring the overcoming of thermodynamic and kinetic constraints.
- Researchers have developed a molten-carbonate membrane capable of increasing CO concentration from a low level (400 ppm) by using ambient energy from humidity differences.
- This method not only allows CO to move 'uphill' against its concentration gradient but also significantly enhances CO transport rates through the creation of carriers within the molten salt, leading to a tenfold increase in CO flux even with a drastic reduction in input concentration.
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Article Abstract
Separation processes are substantially more difficult when the species to be separated is highly dilute. To perform any dilute separation, thermodynamic and kinetic limitations must be overcome. Here we report a molten-carbonate membrane that can 'pump' CO from a 400 ppm input stream (representative of air) to an output stream with a higher concentration of CO, by exploiting ambient energy in the form of a humidity difference. The substantial HO concentration difference across the membrane drives CO permeation 'uphill' against its own concentration difference, analogous to active transport in biological membranes. The introduction of this HO concentration difference also results in a kinetic enhancement that boosts the CO flux by an order of magnitude even as the CO input stream concentration is decreased by three orders of magnitude from 50% to 400 ppm. Computational modelling shows that this enhancement is due to the HO-mediated formation of carriers within the molten salt that facilitate rapid CO transport.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420091 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01588-6 | DOI Listing |
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