Use of Color Channel Optimization in 3D Heads-Up Vitrectomy vs Standard Operating Microscope for Macular Surgeries.

To compare the efficacy and safety of color channel optimization with 3-dimensional (3D) heads-up vitrectomy (3D HUD group) vs standard operating microscope vitrectomy (control group) for macular surgery. This retrospective multicenter comparative study comprised patients having 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for macular hole, epiretinal membrane (ERM), or vitreomacular traction. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. Surgeons completed a subjective questionnaire after each case. The main outcome measures were safety related (dye reinjection rate, macular ERM or internal limiting membrane [ILM] peeling time, endoillumination intensity). Other outcome measures included total surgical time, surgical outcomes, and subjective surgeon-related parameters. The study included 74 eyes (36 in 3D HUD group; 38 in control group). There were no statistical differences in baseline parameters between groups. Significantly more eyes in the control group than in the 3D HUD group required dye reinjection (23.7% vs 5.6%;  = .03). Less time was required for ERM and ILM peeling in the 3D HUD group (both  < .01); however, the total surgical time was the same between groups. Eyes in the 3D HUD group required lower endoillumination ( < .001). There were no between-group differences in the rates of complications. Surgeons said depth perception was better in the control group (P < .001), with no differences in comfort or visibility. 3D heads-up-based color channel optimization for macular surgeries is safe and effective. Although it may have safety advantages, it did not affect the visual or anatomic outcomes or total surgical time and did not improve surgeon comfort or visibility.