Lipid-lowering effects of gefarnate in statin-treated patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized controlled study.

Background: The prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) faces dual challenges: the aspirin-induced gastrointestinal injury, and the residual cardiovascular risk after statin treatment. Geraniol acetate (Gefarnate) is an anti-ulcer drug. It was reported that geraniol might participate in lipid metabolism through a variety of pathways. The aim of this study was to assess the lipid-lowering effects of gefarnate in statin-treated CAD patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia.

Methods: In this prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled trial, 69 statin-treated CAD patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia were randomly assigned to gefarnate group and control group, received gefarnate (100 mg/3 times a day) combined with statin and statin alone, respectively. At baseline and after one-month treatment, the levels of plasma triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol were tested.

Results: After one-month gefarnate treatment, triglyceride level was significantly lowered from 2.64 mmol/L to 2.12 mmol/L ( = 0.0018), LDL-C level lowered from 2.7 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L ( = 0.0004), HDL-C level increased from 0.97 mmol/L to 1.17 mmol/L ( = 0.0228). Based on statin therapy, gefarnate could significantly reduce the plasma triglyceride level ( = 0.0148) and increase the plasma HDL-C level ( = 0.0307). Although the LDL-C and total cholesterol levels tended to decrease, there was no statistically significant difference.

Conclusions: The addition of gefarnate to statin reduced triglyceride level and increased HDL-C level to a significant extent compared to statin alone in CAD patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia. This suggested that gefarnate might provide the dual benefits of preventing gastrointestinal injury and lipid lowering in CAD patients.